Swamp buffalo (Bubalusbubalis) is one of the endemic species that become a wealth of genetic resources of South Sumatra. This study aims to the genetic variation and relationships of kinship 6 variants of swamp buffalo South Sumatera. The methods used by the molecular approach using RAPD-PCR primer 5 i.e. ILO 1204, ILO 1212, ILO 525, OPW 03 and OPY 13. Data was analyzed using SPSS ver 16.0 and presented in dendrogram. The results of the amplification, all primary produce band with a total of 63 band of DNA (14.92%) with an average of every primary produce 12.6 band of DNA. The most primary produce DNA polymorphic bands namely OPW 03 (23.81%) and ILO 1204 (20.63%), while the primary ILO 525 (0.00%) do not generate polymorphic bands. Genetic variation of swamp buffalo has a low genetic variation with 14.92% percentage it generated polymorphic bands. The