Effect of Growth Hormone and Placental Lactogen on DNA Synthesis in Rat Costal Cartilage and Adipose Tissue<sup>1</sup>

Murakawa, Shoichiro; Raben, M. S.

doi:10.1210/endo-83-4-645

Cited by 38 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…§ dpm X 10-3/mg of DNA. 1t Fed vs. fasted P < 0.01. removal of the tissue (15). While the effects of this agent on free fatty acid release and lipogenesis are undoubtedly due to alterations in fat cell function, it is not known which of the cellular elements of the tissue responds to the hormone with an increased rate of DNA synthesis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The differences between the control and growth hormone groups were significant (P < 0.01) in the following instances: hypophysectomized stroma, fed intact stroma, fasted intact fat cells and stroma. (15), a third series of intact animals was given the hormone during a 48 hr fasting period. In this instance growth hormone produced a small but significant increase in DNA radioactivity extracted from fat cells removed 12-16 days after isotope injection; however, this increment was only one-third that noted in the stromal fraction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The abolishment by growth hormone of the inhibitory effect of fasting on DNA synthesis, a phenomenon first described by Murakawa and Raben (15), is particularly intriguing and remains completely unexplained. It would be of obvious interest to determine whether protein and RNA synthesis are involved in this hormone effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of DNA synthesis in fat cells and stromal elements from rat adipose tissue

Hollenberg¹,

Vost²

1968

J. Clin. Invest.

137

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A B S T R A C T The incorporation of tritiated thymidine into the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of adipose fat and stromal cells was followed under a variety of conditions. After in vitro incubation of adipose slices or up to 2 days after in vivo injection of the isotope, all DNA radioactivity was in the stromal cell fraction. From 2 to 15 days after thymidine injection total tissue DNA radioactivity was constant, while between 2 and 5 days after injection label in fat cell DNA increased markedly. Thus new labeled fat cells, initially collected in the stromal pool, required 2-5 days after completion of DNA synthesis to accumulate sufficient lipid to be harvested in the fat cell fraction. Fasting before thymidine injection practically abolished DNA synthesis in primordial fat cells and reduced less drastically formation of stromal elements. However fasting sufficient to deplete lipid stores by 50% neither destroyed mature fat cells nor impaired their capacity to reaccumulate fat with refeeding. Other studies evaluated the role of new fat cell formation in the process of lipid accretion accompanying refeeding. These experiments indicated that at least during the early phase of rapid weight gain, accumulation of fat was due to deposition of triglyceride in existing cells rather than to accelerated formation of new fat cells. Studies with hypophysectomized rats demonstrated that pituitary ablation variably affected stromal DNA synthesis and nearly abolished the formation and (or) maturation of primordial fat cells. In these animals growth hormone markedly enhanced thymidine incorporation into stromal DNA but had no effect on fat cell preReceived for publication 10 April 1968 and in revised form 7 June 1968. cursors. In intact animals the predominant effect of growth hormone was also on the stromal fraction, although an action of the hormone of lesser magnitude on fat cell precursors was also evident. INTRODUCTIONWhile information concerning the accretion and mobilization of adipose lipid has accumulated rapidly over the past decade, there is still surprisingly little known about the regulation of fat cell formation, another mechanism that can influence adipose mass. Hindering work in this area is the difficulty in the histological recognition of primitive fat cells and the fact that only a part of total adipose tissue deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is contained in fat cells (1). The information that is available has been derived from the use of radioautography, chemical DNA analysis, and counting of adipose cells. These data indicate that the new fat cells are continually formed in the growing animal (2), that expansion of adipose mass by fat feeding is associated with an increase in total adipose tissue DNA (3), and that in human and in some experimental forms of obesity an increase in adipose cell number accompanies an increase in adipose cell size (4, 5). Although these data suggest an influence of diet on fat cell synthesis, the precise nutritional and hormonal factors that control the formation and maturation of ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of DNA synthesis in fat cells and stromal elements from rat adipose tissue

Hollenberg¹,

Vost²

1968

J. Clin. Invest.

137

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“…Although it is chemically similar to hGH, hPL has only weak somatotrophic activity, variously estimated at 0.1-10% of that of the pituitary protein (Josimovich, 1966;Murakawa and Raben, 1968). However, the growth-promoting activity of hPL may be greater than that of hGH for some fetal tissues (Hill et al, 1985).…”

Section: Biological Properties (A) Biological Effects Of Hplmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormones of the Placenta: hCG and hPL

Butt¹,

Chard²,

Iles³

1994

Marshall’s Physiology of Reproduction

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“…HCS stimulates the growth of hypophysectomized rats (Friesen, 1965;Florini et al, 1966), the uptake of 35S and DNA synthesis by cartilage segments Murakawa & Raben, 1968), and protein synthesis of cell free preparations from treated rats (Florini et al, 1966). In man, the administration of HCS in doses of 400-750 mg daily has been found to produce nitrogen retention (Grumbach et al, I968 ;McGarry & Beck, 1972), being more than 200-fold less active in this respect than HGH.…”

Section: A C T I O N Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Chorionic Somatomamotraophin and Its Clinical Significance

Hartog

1972

Clinical Endocrinology

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Effect of Growth Hormone and Placental Lactogen on DNA Synthesis in Rat Costal Cartilage and Adipose Tissue¹

Cited by 38 publications

References 1 publication

Regulation of DNA synthesis in fat cells and stromal elements from rat adipose tissue

Regulation of DNA synthesis in fat cells and stromal elements from rat adipose tissue

Hormones of the Placenta: hCG and hPL

Human Chorionic Somatomamotraophin and Its Clinical Significance

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Effect of Growth Hormone and Placental Lactogen on DNA Synthesis in Rat Costal Cartilage and Adipose Tissue1

Cited by 38 publications

References 1 publication

Regulation of DNA synthesis in fat cells and stromal elements from rat adipose tissue

Regulation of DNA synthesis in fat cells and stromal elements from rat adipose tissue

Hormones of the Placenta: hCG and hPL

Human Chorionic Somatomamotraophin and Its Clinical Significance

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Product

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Effect of Growth Hormone and Placental Lactogen on DNA Synthesis in Rat Costal Cartilage and Adipose Tissue¹