Effect of guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) leaf soluble solids on glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of aqueous and ethanol soluble solid extracts of guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) leaves on hypoglycemia and glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. Low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide were injected into Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to induce type 2 diabetes. Acute and long-term feeding tests were carried out, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to follow the changes in plasma glucose and insulin levels was performed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of guava leaf extracts in diabetic rats.The results of acute and long-term feeding tests showed a significant reduction in the blood sugar level in diabetic rats fed with either the aqueous or ethanol extract of guava leaves (p < 0.05). Long-term administration of guava leaf extracts increased the plasma insulin level and glucose utilization in diabetic rats. The results also indicated that the activities of hepatic hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in diabetic rats fed with aqueous extracts were higher than in the normal diabetic group (p < 0.05). On the other hand, diabetic rats treated with the ethanol extract raised the activities of hepatic hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (p < 0.05) only. The experiments provided evidence to support the antihyperglycemic effect of guava leaf extract and the health function of guava leaves against type 2 diabetes.

Phytopharmacological overview of Psidium guajava Linn.

“…Habitual intake of P. guajava and noni is proposed to offer better protection against type 2 diabetes mellitus. 69 Shen et al 70 investigated the effect of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of P. guajava on hypoglycemia and glucose metabolism in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. The acute and long-term feeding of the aqueous and ethanolic extract of P. guajava leaves have significantly decreased in the blood sugar level and increased the plasma insulin level.…”

Ameliorative Effect and Underlying Mechanisms of Total Triterpenoids from <i>Psidium guajava</i> Linn (Myrtaceae) Leaf on High-Fat Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats

“…In oriental regions, such as Taiwan, guava leaves is boiled and the extract is used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes [2] but few of the extract has been investigated for their preclinical or clinical efficacy. Psidium guajava Linn.…”

Alkaloids content, cytotoxicity and anti-<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> activity of <i>Psidium guajava</i> L. and <i>Tinospora crispa</i>

“…Psidium guajava L. (from family Myrtaceae) has been employed for treating various diseases such as relieving cough, pulmonary disorders, wounds, and ulcers. The fruit have tonic, cooling, laxative, and anthelmintic activities (Shen et al, 2008).…”