Effect of gut flora mediated-bile acid metabolism on intestinal immune microenvironment

Zhang, Yan; Gao, Xueyan; Yang, Feng; Liu, Yang; Gao, Shuochen; Pei, Liping; Wang, Wenkang; Sun, Zhenqiang; Liu, Lin; Wang, Chengzeng

doi:10.22541/au.167820161.17527231/v1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…It is important to note that bile acids are metabolized and modified by the intestinal microbiome and there is a mutual relationship between bile acids and microbiome composition (26). Bacteria create secondary bile acids via deconjugation, dihydroxylation at carbon 7, oxidation, and epimerization of primary bile acids to dampen antimicrobial function, alter intestinal immune microenvironment, and improve bacterial fitness (26,27).…”

Section: Canonical Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FXR Friend-ChIPs in the Enterohepatic System

et al. 2023

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Chronic liver diseases encompass a wide spectrum of hepatic maladies that often result in cholestasis or altered bile acid secretion and regulation. Incidence and cost of care for many chronic liver diseases are rising in the US with few Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs available for patient treatment. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is the master regulator of bile acid homeostasis with an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism and inflammation. FXR has served as an attractive target for management of cholestasis and fibrosis; however, global FXR agonism results in adverse effects in liver disease patients, severely affecting quality of life. In this review, we highlight seminal studies and recent updates on the FXR proteome and identify gaps in knowledge that are essential for tissue specific FXR modulation. In conclusion, one of the greatest unmet needs in the field is understanding the underlying mechanism of intestinal versus hepatic FXR function.

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Section: Canonical Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FXR Friend-ChIPs in the Enterohepatic System

et al. 2023

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“…Indeed, a derivative of lithocholic acid attenuates Th17 cell differentiation by interacting with the nuclear receptor RAR-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγt). Conversely, it also stimulates the differentiation of Tregs via upregulation of the Foxp3 gene transcription in conjunction with another nuclear receptor, NR4A1, thereby establishing a tolerance-promoting milieu, which is in contrast to the pro-inflammatory activities of many other secondary BAs and their derivatives (76,79).…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Metabolites As Essential Messengers To the Im...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between vitamin status and gut microbiota: The key to maintaining immune homeostasis in the gut

Rakić,

Repac,

Lunić

et al. 2023

Arhiv za farmaciju

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The human gut microbiota is a diverse ecosystem that harbours a variety of microorganisms, including proteobacteria, bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists, and archaea. These microorganisms are collectively involved in several vital functions, including nutrient metabolism, vitamin synthesis, immune system regulation, neurotransmitter production, drug metabolism, and communication with the central nervous system. Dysbiosis within the gut microbiota has been shown to be a critical factor in the development of chronic disease. Investigating the effects of gut microbiota composition on overall health holds promise for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and the development of new therapeutic interventions. One notable aspect of the functionality of the gut microbiota is its involvement in the production of essential B vitamins. These vitamins exert a significant influence on immune responses and the composition of the gut microbiota. Competition may occur between the host and the gut microbiota for B vitamins, which some bacteria obtain from food or from synthesis by other gut bacteria. Thus, the availability of B vitamins in the diet has the potential to influence the composition of the gut microbiota and thus immune homeostasis. The profile of the gut microbiota varies individually, with diet proving to be an important modulator of both its composition and functional properties. However, further extensive research efforts are needed to understand the complex interplay between the gut microbiota, vitamins, and immune response mechanisms. Such investigations have the potential to develop innovative therapeutic strategies for a spectrum of inflammatory diseases, opening new avenues for improved patient outcomes.

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Effect of gut flora mediated-bile acid metabolism on intestinal immune microenvironment

Cited by 2 publications

References 116 publications

FXR Friend-ChIPs in the Enterohepatic System

FXR Friend-ChIPs in the Enterohepatic System

Crosstalk between vitamin status and gut microbiota: The key to maintaining immune homeostasis in the gut

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