Effect of Health Promotion Media on Adolescents’ Willingness to Use Electronic Cigarettes: A Literature Review

Abstract

Electronic cigarettes are rapidly emerging into a new trend among adolescents. There are concerns about the impact of electronic cigarettes at both individual and public health levels. Health promotion efforts with various media have been conducted but are not optimal to reduce adolescent electronic cigarettes behavior. This study sought to understand the effect of health promotion media on willingness to use electronic cigarettes among adolescents, a group that is at risk for smoking initiation and may use electronic cigarettes as a "gateway" to smoking. This study uses the literature review method with articles searching in the ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar databases published for the last five years. This study showed various models of health promotion media, but intervention through social media showed a significant effect in reducing the willingness to use electronic cigarettes in adolescents. The social media approach can build closeness with adolescents to support the success of health promotion efforts. These findings will become a consideration for the Ministry of Health in transforming the health promotion model to be more effective in reducing adolescent electronic cigarettes behavior in Indonesia.