Effect of Heat Stress on Production and Reproduction Potential of Dairy Animals vis-à-vis Buffaloes

Purohit, Pravinbhai; Gupta, J. L.; Chaudhri, Jagdishbhai; Bhatt, Tanvirbanu; Pawar, Mahesh; Srivastava, Amit Kumar; Patel, Mayank

doi:10.5455/ijlr.20191231122709

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…One of the factors that jeopardizes livestock is represented by heat stress, which can be detrimental to overall animal welfare, therefore productivity and production traits are negatively affected [2]. Heat stress is a condition in which the animal is not able to efficiently dissipate excess heat and the body temperature is beyond its normal range, thus the animal activates mechanisms to maintain its thermal balance [3]. Thermal stress is influenced by environmental factors, such as dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, wind movement, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, ultraviolet light, dust and solar radiation, amongst others [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat stress measuring methods in dairy cows

Aloia,

Maggiolino,

Forte

et al. 2024

Acta IMEKO

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The most widely used predictor to assess the incidence of thermal stress in livestock is THI, the temperature humidity index. However, it is an indicator that disregards the individual animal and the specific farm conditions. This review aims to list and summarize other thermal stress predictor factors, by using non-invasive and cost-effective strategies, in particular with the aid of Precision Livestock Farming technologies. When it comes to dairy animals the metabolic load is already increased by milk production, so the effect of heat stress can exacerbate the overall welfare of the cow. Therefore, the animals enact copying mechanisms that may result in physiological, behavioral and productive alterations. Those animal-based parameters can be used as early predictors of heat stress, allowing the farmer to collect real time data and address the condition operating management strategies in order to prevent further detrimental effect on the performance and consequent economic losses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat stress measuring methods in dairy cows

Aloia,

Maggiolino,

Forte

et al. 2024

Acta IMEKO

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“…Although it is generally recognized that goats are more tolerant to heat stress (HS) than sheep and cows, due to the morphological and physiological differences between these species related to heat dissipation [ 1 ], various studies show the negative effect of HS on well-being and productivity in this species [ 2 , 3 ]. In several studies carried out to quantify these effects in various autochthonous Spanish breeds of goats, namely Murciano-Granadina and Payoya [ 4 ] Florida [ 5 ] and Malagueña [ 6 ], raised mostly in the South of Spain (the region of Spain most affected by heat), it was observed that the animals were exposed to stressful climatic conditions, due to the high temperatures, during 45 to 55% of the year, which generated losses of 1.9 and 3.1% of the annual fat plus protein yields (fpy) in Murciano-Granadina and Payoya goats [ 4 ], respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Principal Component Analysis to Combine Genetic Merit for Heat Stress and for Fat and Protein Yield in Spanish Autochthonous Dairy Goat Breeds

Menéndez-Buxadera

Muñoz-Mejías

Sánchez

et al. 2021

Animals

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We studied the effect of the Temperature Humidity Index (THI) (i.e., the average of temperature and relative humidity registered at meteorological stations) closest to the farms taken during the test day (TD), for total daily protein and fat yields (fpy) of the three main Spanish dairy goats. The data were from Florida (11,244 animals and 126,825 TD), Malagueña (12,215 animals and 141,856 TD) and Murciano Granadina (5162 animals and 62,834 TD) breeding programs and were studied by different linear models to estimate the nature of the fpy response throughout the THI and the weeks of lactation (Days in Milk, DIM) trajectories. The results showed an antagonism between THI and DIM, with a marked depression in the fpy level in animals kept in the hot zone of the THI values (THI > 25) compared with those in the cold zone (THI ≤ 16), with a negative impact equivalent to production of 13 to 30 days. We used a Reaction Norm model (RN), including THI and DIM as fixed covariates and a Test Day Model (TDM), to estimate the genetic (co)variance components. The heritability and genetic correlations estimated with RN and TDM showed a decreased pattern along the scale of THI and DIM, with slight differences between breeds, meaning that there was significant genetic variability in the animal’s ability to react to different levels of THI, which is not constant throughout the DIM, showing the existence of genotype-environment interaction. The breeding values (BV) of all animals for each level of THI and DIM were subject to a principal component analysis, and the results showed that 89 to 98% of the variance between the BV was explained by the two first eigenvalues. The standardized BV were weighted with the corresponding eigenvector coefficients to construct an index that showed, in a single indicator, the most complete expression of the existing genetic variability in the animals’ ability to produce fpy along the trajectories of THI and DIM. This new option will make it easier to select animals which are more productive, and with better adaptability to heat stress, as well as enabling us to exploit genetic variations in the form of the response to heat stress to be adapted to different production systems.

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“…It is an important economic trait that directly influences the initiation of productive age which leads to lengthening of the productive period of animal, increases the productive performance of an animal, due to this cost of rearing an animal would decrease (Ojango and Pollott, 2001). In recent past due to effect of global warming, heat stress has taken greater toll on livestock production and reproduction (Purohit et al 2020). Temperature-humidity index (THI) depicts the level of heat stress due to combining effect of ambient temperature and relative humidity and it correlate productivity with animal https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2021.v74i04.005 discomfort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of heat stress on age at first calving in Mehsana buffaloes under field progeny testing programme

Purohit¹,

Gupta²,

CHAUDHARI³

et al. 2021

IJDS

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The records of 7791 Mehsana buffaloes sired by 182 sires on age at first calving (AFC) spread over a period of 24 years (1989 to 2012), collected from Dudhsagar Research and Development Association (DURDA), Dudhsagar Dairy, Mehsana. Meteorological data of the region (where field progeny testing was undergoing), were collected from the center of Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Pune to know the association of AFC with heat stress indicators. The least squares mean and heritability of AFC were estimated. Various heat stress models were screened for optimization (Based on value of R 2 , adjusted R 2 , AIC and BIC) and effect of heat stress was quantified. Depending on the estimate of AFC and THI, months of the year were classified in to various heat stress zones. Sires were evaluated (both by BLUP-SM and BLUP-AM) for AFC in different HSZ, in order to identify optimum sire for each of the zone. The least squares mean estimate for AFC was 1419.61±2.18 days. The heritability estimates were obtained as 0.14±0.02 (LSML), 0.775±0.003 (BLUP-SM) and 0.13±0.023 (BLUP-AM). THI 6 model (Yousef, 1985) was found to be the best suited model and it was observed that AFC was declined by 1.26 day with per unit rise in THI. Year was classified in to NHSZ (non heat stress zone -November to March), HSZ (heat stress zone-April to October) and CHSZ (critical heat stress zone-June to August). The average breeding values of Mehsana buffalo bulls evaluated for AFC by BLUP-SM and BLUP-AM in NHSZ, HSZ and in CHSZ were estimated to be 1389.36, 1380.37 and 1375.04 days and 1389.33, 1382.85 and 1375.53 days, respectively. It was indicated that the bulls having superior performance in NHSZ were not as better performer in HSZ and CHSZ. This warrants that evaluation of bulls may be done separately in each heat stress zone and suitable bull for breeding under each HSZ may be identified.

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Effect of Heat Stress on Production and Reproduction Potential of Dairy Animals vis-à-vis Buffaloes

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Heat stress measuring methods in dairy cows

Heat stress measuring methods in dairy cows

Use of Principal Component Analysis to Combine Genetic Merit for Heat Stress and for Fat and Protein Yield in Spanish Autochthonous Dairy Goat Breeds

Effect of heat stress on age at first calving in Mehsana buffaloes under field progeny testing programme

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