Effect of Heat, Wind, and Humidity on Ultraviolet Injury

Owens, Donald W.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1978.tb06043.x

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The nonmelanoma tumours develop from epi-847 thelial cells, and possibly those on the face are particularly susceptible to UV-induced carcinogenesis. The constant exposure of the face to the elements couild be a factor, and in support of this Owens & Knox (1978) have shown that heat and wind can influence the induction of non-melanoma skin tumours in mice One model for the human skin could be that the year-round exposure of the face leads to a continuous high rate of cell replacement, and acts as a promotor for tumours initiated by UA. Thus, the combination of two types of exposure would cause the very high frequency of tumours on the face.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…It is well known that dark-skinned races have a low incidence of melanoma (Oettle, 1966;Camain et al, 1972) and a recent study (Crombie, 1979b) has demonstrated a clear relationship between the density of pigmentation and the incidence of melanoma on the exposed body sites. Melanin pigment is thought to protect by absorbing the UV (Quevedo et at., 1975) so that the degree of protection would depend on the density of pigment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of malignant melanoma on the body surface

Crombie¹

1981

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-The distribution of malignant melanoma among the 4 major body sites (head, upper limb, lower limb and remainder (trunk)) was investigated for 37 white populations. Although UV radiation is generally considered to be the major aetiological agent, it was found that 75% of the tumours occurred on the relatively unexposed body sites. However, the sex differences in the incidence of melanoma at the various sites corresponded in direction and magnitude with the patterns of exposures of the sexes.The greatest difference between the sexes was the higher incidence on the female lower limb (the regular wearing of skirts results in a considerable exposure), and the next largest was the higher incidence on the male trunk (men can remove their shirts easily, but do not do so regularly). The results indicate that UV radiation is a major cause of malignant melanoma, but suggest that the mechanism of induction may be complex. Several hypotheses, as well as the types of additional evidence required, are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of malignant melanoma on the body surface

Crombie¹

1981

Br J Cancer

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“…The higher moisture percentage may be an additional factor leading to an increased bloodflow in the dermis, because heat transport by perspiration is less efficient. They synergistic effect of both temperature and humidity on phototoxicity have been described (Owens and Knox. 1978;Levine and Harber, 1969).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Irreversible Binding of Nitrofurantoin to Skin and to Plasma Proteins of Uv‐a Exposed Rats

Busker¹,

Henegouwen²,

Ballegooie³

et al. 1988

Photochem & Photobiology

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Allergic reactions to the widely applied urinary tract disinfectant nitrofurantoin (NFT) often concern the skin. They are probably mediated by a NFT-protein adduct. which has been suggested to result from incomplete nitro-reduction during metabolism. In this study it was investigated whether photoactivation of NFT in rats, upon exposure to UV-A, leads to formation of adducts between the drug and biomacromolecules. Rats were given p.0. doses of [14CI-NFT, and some were exposed to UV-A. More irreversible binding was found in skin of the back (both in dermis and in epidermis). tail, ears, eyes, plasma proteins. and spleen of light-exposed rats compared to those kept in the dark. This photobinding increased (up to -0.6 nmolimg protein = -25 nmolig tissue) with dose and lightintensity. When rats were kept at 32"C, instead of 22°C during NFTIUV-A treatment. even more irreversible binding was observed; this is probably caused by an increased dermal blood flow. Under these conditions, irreversibly bound radioactivity was even found in kidney. lung and liver. Irreversible binding in these inner organs is explained by systemic distribution of radioactivity. photobound to plasma proteins. Photodecomposition of NFT in the skin, followed by reaction of photoproducts with (cellular) biomacromolecules may explain some of the skin rashes and other (allergic) reactions reported for this drug.

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“…Increased photosensitivity may result in a higher risk of skin tumors. Significantly more mice irradiated with UVR developed tumors while kept at higher humidity and higher temperature (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydration of the horny layer may lead to a shift in the stratum corneum UV absorption spectrum to shorter wavelengths and to a decrease in reflection and dispersion (13). As a result, it is postulated that there is a higher transmission of UVB and an increased UV sensitivity in hydrated skin (8,14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%