Effect of Heating Rate on the Development of Annealing Texture in Nonoriented Electrical Steels

Park, Jong-Tae; Szpunar, Jerzy A.; Cha, SangYun

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.43.1611

Cited by 44 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Raabe and Lücke 15 reported an increase in the {110}〈001〉 Goss fraction of up to 70% in cold rolling; above this reduction, the fraction drastically reduces. The {110}〈001〉 Goss grains nucleate in the early stage of recrystallization within the shear band in {111}〈112〉 deformed grains 15,20 . From the deformation texture ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Intermediate Annealing on Nb-Stabilized Ferritic Stainless Steel

Rodrigues

Alcântara²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2017

Mat. Res.

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This study seeks to evaluate the effect of intermediate annealing on the microstructure, texture, and formability of Nb-stabilized ferritic stainless steel. Two routes -direct cold rolling and cold rolling with an intermediate annealing were performed. The total reduction was 80%, 3-0.6 mm and 3-1.2-0.6 mm. The characterization of the samples was conducted using X-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction, and tensile tests to evaluate the formability by the average normal anisotropy coefficient, r ̅ value. The results showed that intermediate annealing promoted the strongest γ-fiber with peak at {111}〈112〉 and weak α-fiber after cold rolling. After the final annealing, it was observed that intermediate annealing reduces the banded microstructure and θ-fiber, and improves the γ-fiber uniformity and the r ̅ value. It is worth noting that the γ-fiber fraction was the same for direct reduction. The increase in r ̅ value was related to the reduction in θ-fiber and the uniformity of texture recrystallization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Intermediate Annealing on Nb-Stabilized Ferritic Stainless Steel

Rodrigues

Alcântara²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2017

Mat. Res.

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“…High heating rate can reduce the release of stored elastic energy during recovery, increase the driving force for grains nucleation and coarsening, and promote high angle grain boundary migration, which lowers the orientation dependence on recrystallization nucleation [16]. Finally, this decreases the <111>//ND intensity and increases the intensity of the {110}<001> Goss texture component.…”

Section: Heating Rate Effect On Recrystallized Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bae et al [14] found that the mean grain size became larger and the favorable texture was weakened when the heating rate was increased from 12.5°C/s to 21.5°C/s. On the other hand, Duan et al [15] and Park et al [16] reported that a heating rate increase in the 5 to 30°C/s range has a favorable effect on the magnetic properties and recrystallized microstructure because it changes the recovery and recrystallization processes in electrical steel. In earlier studies, the heating rate was either in the range from 5 to 30°C/s, or above 1000°C/s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid annealing effects on microstructure, texture, and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel

Jian

et al. 2012

Met. Mater. Int.

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This paper presents a classic process-structure-properties approach for optimizing the magnetic properties of electrical steels. Cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel (Fe; 0.001 wt% C; 0.2 wt.% Mn; 1.3 wt% Si) was subjected to extremely short 3-30 seconds annealing cycles in a range from 880°C to 980°C with a heating rate varying from 15°C to 300°C/sec. The resulting microstructure was studied by means of optical microscopy and X-ray orientation distribution function analysis. Recrystallized grains were refined with increased heating rate, caused by the nucleation rate increase, which is faster than the growth rate due to rapid heating. The optimal grain size of 60 to 80 mm in terms of magnetic properties was obtained by increasing the annealing temperature range to 920°C to 940°C with a higher heating rate of 300°C/sec and an annealing time of 6 to 9 seconds. With the heating rate increase, the characteristic {111} recrystallization fiber of cold-rolled steel was depressed, but the beneficial {110}<001> Goss texture component was significantly strengthened. The recrystallized grain size and texture were enhanced by rapid annealing, and, as a result, the magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel improved.

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“…Although the anisotropy of the magnetization behavior causes the crystallographic texture to be an important parameter for overall quality of the electrical steel, it is not yet possible to obtain optimal textures in commercially produced electrical steels. This is caused by the complexity of texture formation and the interaction with other microstructural characteristics, as mentioned above, despite the various efforts that are given in literature [26][27][28][29][30][31] to optimize the texture of non-oriented electrical steel by varying thermo-mechanical processing. Therefore, in order to describe and quantify the magnetic texture quality of a non-oriented electrical Figure 9.…”

Section: Crystallographic Texturementioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative processing for improved electrical steel properties

et al. 2010

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Electrical steel grades are the normal construction material for electrical motors and transformers because of their enhanced soft magnetic properties. One of the current trends in their production aims for increasing the silicon and/or aluminum concentration (above 3 wt %) to reduce magnetic losses through increased electrical resistivity. This is very difficult to realize by conventional processing, mainly because of cracking during cold rolling. An alternative production route is proposed that raises the silicon and/or aluminum concentration by surface deposition of silicon and/or aluminum on a low-Si/low-Al steel substrate, e.g. by a short immersion in a molten Al-Si bath, followed by its diffusion into the bulk during subsequent annealing. This diffusion substantially modifies the microstructural features and therefore affects the mechanical and magnetic properties. Results of research efforts to optimize this production route and to understand the mechanisms and effects of the structural changes are presented and discussed. KeywordsElectrical steel; Hot dipping; Diffusion annealing; Magnetic properties; Crystallographic texture. Innovación del proceso para mejorar las propiedades de los aceros eléctricos ResumenLos aceros eléctricos se usan, normalmente, en la construcción de motores eléctricos y transformadores debido a sus suaves propiedades magnéticas. Una de las tendencias actuales es producir aceros con contenidos mayores de silicio y/o aluminio (por encima de un 3 %, en peso) para reducir las pérdidas magnéticas a través del incremento de la resistividad eléctrica. Una de las desventajas de producir este tipo de aceros con altos contenidos de silicio y/o aluminio es el agrietamiento producido en el material durante el proceso de laminado en frío. Para incrementar el contenido de silicio y/o aluminio en aceros con bajos contenidos de estos elementos de aleación, se sugiere un procedimiento alternativo de producción que se basa, fundamentalmente, en depositar un recubrimiento rico en silicio y/o aluminio, en la superficie del acero. Por ejemplo, uno de los métodos utilizados es sumergir el material en una aleación liquida de Al-Si, seguido de un recocido para promover la difusión del aluminio y el silicio del recubrimiento al acero. Este proceso de difusión modifica, sustancialmente, la microestructura y, a su vez, deteriora las propiedades magnéticas y mecánicas. Algunos de los resultados obtenidos como parte del esfuerzo para optimizar este nuevo método de producción y sus efectos en los posibles cambios de la microestructura y propiedades, se presentan y analizan en este trabajo.

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Effect of Heating Rate on the Development of Annealing Texture in Nonoriented Electrical Steels

Cited by 44 publications

References 7 publications

Evaluation of Intermediate Annealing on Nb-Stabilized Ferritic Stainless Steel

Evaluation of Intermediate Annealing on Nb-Stabilized Ferritic Stainless Steel

Rapid annealing effects on microstructure, texture, and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel

Innovative processing for improved electrical steel properties

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