Effect of high- and low-intensity exercise and metabolic acidosis on levels of GH, IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and cortisol

Wahl, Patrick; Zinner, Christoph; Achtzehn, Silvia; Bloch, Wilhelm; Mester, Joachim

doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2010.08.001

Cited by 77 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Although no changes, or small decreases, in circulating levels of COR are often reported with light-to-moderate exercise, (32,33) heavy, prolonged continuous work results in COR increases in response to greater metabolic demand via IL-6 stimulus, given its role in gluconeogenesis and mobilizing amino and fatty acids. (9,34) Despite performing a 2-hr heavy intermittent exercise protocol, the lack of change in COR concentrations is consistent with previous exercise studies where core temperature was clamped at 37.5 ± 0.13 • C by exercising in 18 • C water (17,24) or remained at/below ∼38.0 • C during heat exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol and Interleukin-6 Responses During Intermittent Exercise in Two Different Hot Environments with Equivalent WBGT

Wright

McLellan²,

Stapleton

et al. 2012

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Blood marker concentrations such as cortisol (COR) and interleukin (IL)-6 are commonly used to evaluate the physiological strain associated with work in the heat. It is unclear, however, if hot environments of an equivalent thermal stress, as defined by a similar wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), result in similar response patterns. This study examined markers of neuroendocrine (COR) and immune (IL-6) responses, as well as the cardiovascular and thermal responses, relative to changes in body heat content measured by whole-body direct calorimetry during work in two different hot environments with equivalent WBGT. Eight males performed a 2-hr heavy intermittent exercise protocol (six 15-min bouts of cycling at a constant rate of metabolic heat production (360W) interspersed by 5-min rest periods) in Hot/Dry (46°C, 10% relative humidity [RH]) and Warm/Humid (33°C, 60% RH) conditions (WBGT ∼ 29°C). Whole-body evaporative and dry heat exchange, change in body heat content (ΔH(b)), rectal temperature (T(re)), and heart rate were measured continuously. Venous blood was obtained at rest (PRE) and the end of each exercise bout for the measurement of changes in plasma volume (PV), plasma protein (an estimate of plasma water changes), COR, and IL-6. Ratings of perceived exertion and thermal sensation were measured during the last minute of each exercise bout. No differences existed for ΔH(b), heart rate, T(re),%ΔPV, plasma protein concentration, perceptual strain (thermal sensation, perceived exertion), and COR between the Hot/Dry and Warm/Humid conditions. IL-6 exhibited an interaction effect (p = 0.041), such that greater increases were observed in the Hot/Dry (Δ = 1.61 pg·mL(-1)) compared with the Warm/Humid (Δ = 0.64 pg·mL(-1)) environment. These findings indicate that work performed in two different hot environments with equivalent WBGT resulted in similar levels of thermal, cardiovascular, and perceptual strain, which support the use of the WBGT stress index. However, the greater IL-6 response in the Hot/Dry requires further research to elucidate the effects of different hot environments and work intensities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol and Interleukin-6 Responses During Intermittent Exercise in Two Different Hot Environments with Equivalent WBGT

Wright

McLellan²,

Stapleton

et al. 2012

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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“…As the amount of biochemical markers that are secreted are closely related to the level of physical activity, the effects of acute resistance exercise on cognitive (i.e., behavioral and electrophysiological) performance may be particularly relevant to an investigation of the various components of exercise, including intensity. Given the conceptual links between the secreted levels of circulating biomarkers [e.g., cortisol, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)] and resistance exercise intensity (Schwarz et al, 1996; McGuigan et al, 2004; Irving et al, 2009; Wahl et al, 2010), examining whether different intensities (high vs. moderate) of acute exercise influence the exercise-cognition relationship would seem logical in any attempt to understand how acute resistance exercise may benefit cognitive performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive function and endocrinological responses to acute resistance exercise

Tsai

Wang

Pan

et al. 2014

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

119

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This study had the following two aims: First, to explore the effects of acute resistance exercise (RE, i.e., using exercise machines to contract and stretch muscles) on behavioral and electrophysiological performance when performing a cognitive task involving executive functioning in young male adults; Second, to investigate the potential biochemical mechanisms of such facilitative effects using two neurotrophic factors [i.e., growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)] and the cortisol levels elicited by such an exercise intervention mode with two different exercise intensities. Sixty young male adults were recruited and randomly assigned to a high-intensity (HI) exercise group, moderate-intensity (MI) exercise group, and non-exercise-intervention (NEI) group. Blood samples were taken, and the behavioral and electrophysiological indices were simultaneously measured when individuals performed a Go/No-Go task combined with the Erikson Flanker paradigm at baseline and after either an acute bout of 30 min of moderate- or high-intensity RE or a control period. The results showed that the acute RE could not only benefit the subjects' behavioral (i.e., RTs and accuracy) performance, as found in previous studies, but also increase the P3 amplitude. Although the serum GH and IGF-1 levels were significantly increased via moderate or high intensity RE in both the MI and HI groups, the increased serum levels of neurotrophic factors were significantly decreased about 20 min after exercise. In addition, such changes were not correlated with the changes in cognitive (i.e., behavioral and electrophysiological) performance. In contrast, the serum levels of cortisol in the HI and MI groups were significantly lower after acute RE, and the changes in cortisol levels were significantly associated with the changes in electrophysiological (i.e., P3 amplitude) performance. The findings suggest the beneficial effects of acute RE on executive functioning could be due to changes in arousal, possibly modulated by the serum cortisol levels.

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“…Previously studies have reported that during bouts of intense exercise the adrenal cortex secretes high concentrations of cortisol above the CBG binding point (14,15) . Furthermore, cortisol is commonly known for being elevated during times of psychological stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Capillary, Venous, and Salivary Cortisol Sampling after Intense Exercise

Fryer¹,

Dickson²,

Hillier³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Venipuncture is expensive, invasive, and impractical for many sport-science and clinical-based settings. Salivary free cortisol is often cited as a noninvasive practical alternative. However, when cortisol concentrations exceed the corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) point of 500 nmol/L, a lack of agreement between salivary and venous blood cortisol has been found. Alternatively, capillary blood may present a minimally invasive, cost-effective, and practical surrogate for determining cortisol concentration.Purpose:The aim of this study was to determine whether cortisol concentrations sampled from capillary blood and saliva accurately reflect those found in venous blood across a large range of concentrations after intense exercise.Methods:Eleven healthy aerobically trained male subjects were recruited. Capillary, salivary, and venous blood samples were collected before and after (immediately and 5, 10, 15, and 20 min after) a treadmill VO2 max test.Results:Capillary and venous concentrations increased at a similar rate after exercise (Cohen d.14–.33), increasing up to 15 min postexercise before a decline was seen. Salivary cortisol values increased at a slower rate than venous and capillary cortisol but continued to increase 15 min postexercise (Cohen d .19–.47 and .09–.72, respectively).Conclusions:Capillary cortisol accurately reflects concentrations assayed from venous blood across a range of values below and above the CBG binding point. Capillary sampling provides a minimally invasive, cost-effective, practical surrogate for assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary-gland function.

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Effect of high- and low-intensity exercise and metabolic acidosis on levels of GH, IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and cortisol

Cited by 77 publications

References 36 publications

Cortisol and Interleukin-6 Responses During Intermittent Exercise in Two Different Hot Environments with Equivalent WBGT

Cortisol and Interleukin-6 Responses During Intermittent Exercise in Two Different Hot Environments with Equivalent WBGT

Executive function and endocrinological responses to acute resistance exercise

A Comparison of Capillary, Venous, and Salivary Cortisol Sampling after Intense Exercise

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