Effect of high dietary starch levels on growth, hepatic glucose metabolism, oxidative status and immune response of juvenile largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides

Lin, Songyi; Shi, Chao-Ming; Mu, Ming-Ming; Chen, Yongjun; Lu, Luo

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.046

Cited by 165 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…A recent study indicated that under 100 g/kg dietary wheat starch level provided a maximum growth for juvenile largemouth bass, which was in agreement with our present study (Lin et al., 2018). A medium level of 200 g/kg carbohydrate was better suited for sunshine bass (Hutchins, Rawles, & Gatlin, 1998) and European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Lanari et al., 1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

High dietary starch inclusion impairs growth and antioxidant status, and alters liver organization and intestinal microbiota in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides

et al. 2020

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Five diets (D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5) containing 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g starch per kg diet were formulated to investigate the effects of starch level on largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. Fish (initial weight: 22.00 ± 0.02 g) were fed the five diets for 90 days. Results indicated that weight gain, specific growth rate and survival of fish fed higher dietary starch level (200 g/kg) were lower than those of fish fed the lower dietary starch levels (0–50 g/kg). Higher dietary starch levels (150–200 g/kg) have a negative effect on antioxidant ability (total superoxide dismutase: T‐SOD; malonyldialdehyde: MDA; total antioxidant capacity: T‐AOC; glutathione peroxidase: GSH‐Px) and liver health (cellular contents leaked, nucleus deformed, endoplasmic reticulum and golgi body disappeared) of largemouth bass. Lower dietary starch levels (0–50 g/kg) modified intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass represented by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial such as Bacilli, Lactobacillales and Bacteroidales. These results indicated that dietary starch level above 50 g/kg had a negative effect on growth performance and antioxidant status of largemouth bass. Moreover, high dietary starch levels are potentially associated with negative alterations in liver structure and function, and decrease of beneficial gut microbes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

High dietary starch inclusion impairs growth and antioxidant status, and alters liver organization and intestinal microbiota in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides

et al. 2020

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“…These results, hence, support our hypothesis that feeding brook trout on glucose induces prolonged hyperglycaemia, which has been shown to injure the liver and affect the health status of fish negatively (Lin, Shi, Mu, Chen, & Luo, 2018). Song et al (2018) also reported similar results by indicating that largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides fed on an easily-digestible carbohydrate source had higher ALT and AST activities in blood.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of dietary carbohydrate types on growth performance, innate immunity, antioxidant ability and glucose metabolism of brook troutSalvelinus fontinalis

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2020

Aquac Res

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The study evaluated the effects of different types of dietary carbohydrates on growth, immunity, antioxidant capacity and glucose metabolism enzyme activities in the juvenile brook trout. Fish (13.65 ± 0.06 g) were fed five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets that contained 150g kg-1 glucose, sucrose, dextrin, pregelatinized corn starch (PS) or raw corn starch (RS) respectively. Weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio were significantly higher in fish fed dextrin than the other treatments. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and glucose were higher in fish fed glucose than those fed dextrin, PS or RS. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and lysozyme activity, as well as total antioxidant capacity, were lower in fish fed glucose or sucrose than the other treatments. Moreover, the highest malondialdehyde (MDA) level was reported in the glucose group. Furthermore, fish fed glucose had significantly lower hepatic glucokinase (GK), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) activities than those fed dextrin, PS or RS. The results suggest that dextrin is the optimal carbohydrate source for brook trout, while incorporating glucose into the diet suppresses innate immunity, increases oxidative stress and interferes with glucose metabolism, resulting into a reduction in growth.

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“…Carnivorous fish have been shown to have a low ability to utilize carbohydrates [71]. Furthermore, previous results showed that the excessive dietary carbohydrate impaired the immunity and redox homeostasis of carnivorous fish, such as golden pompano [72], largemouth bass [73], yellow catfish [74], and black carp [75], and caused inflammation in the liver of Japanese flounder [76]. However, insufficient research has been conducted on the dietary carbohydrates in the fish intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn gluten meal induces enteritis and decreases intestinal immunity and antioxidant capacity in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) at high supplementation levels

Bai

Liu

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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Corn gluten meal (CGM) is an important alternative protein source in aquafeed production. However, in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), CGM could not be effectively utilized because of its low digestibility, the reason for which is still unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate and elucidate the cause for the poor utilization of CGM by turbot from the view of gut health. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted with turbot individuals (initial body weight 11.4 ± 0.2 g), which were fed with one of four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets formulated to include 0%, 21.2%, 31.8%, and 42.6% CGM to progressively replace 0%, 33%, 50%, and 67% fish meal (FM) protein in a FM-based diet, respectively. The results showed that CGM caused dose-dependent decreases in (1) growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and feed utilization; (2) activities of brush-border membrane enzymes; (3) intestinal antioxidant indices of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase activities, and reduced glutathione level; (4) intestinal immune parameters of acid phosphatase activity, complement 3, complement 4, and IgM concentrations. Dose-dependent increases in the severity of the inflammation, with concomitant alterations on microvilli structure and increasing expression of inflammatory cytokine genes of Il-1β, Il-8, and Tnf-α were observed but without a change in the intracellular junctions and the epithelial permeability established by the plasma diamine oxidase activity and D-lactate level examinations. In conclusion, the present work proved that CGM negatively affected the gut health of turbot by inducing enteritis and by decreasing intestinal immunity and antioxidant capacity, which could be one of the reasons for the reduced utilization of CGM by turbot.

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Effect of high dietary starch levels on growth, hepatic glucose metabolism, oxidative status and immune response of juvenile largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides

Cited by 165 publications

References 58 publications

High dietary starch inclusion impairs growth and antioxidant status, and alters liver organization and intestinal microbiota in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides

High dietary starch inclusion impairs growth and antioxidant status, and alters liver organization and intestinal microbiota in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides

Effects of dietary carbohydrate types on growth performance, innate immunity, antioxidant ability and glucose metabolism of brook troutSalvelinus fontinalis

Corn gluten meal induces enteritis and decreases intestinal immunity and antioxidant capacity in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) at high supplementation levels

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