Effect of Humic Substances and Bioorganic Substrates from Urban Wastes in Nanostructured Materials Applications and Synthesis

Abstract

Humic substances were widely studied for preparing materials to be used for adsorption, photocatalysis and so on. Their parent soluble bio-organic materials (SBO) have potentially similar applications which have to be evaluated. The main advantage of the use of SBO substances concerns their low cost, but they are appealing also for the development of a strategy of recycle and reuse of wastes which needs to be followed worldwide. The application of SBO in materials synthesis is promizing, since they can be used as synthesis intermediates but also as active phases for developing adsorbing and/or photoactive materials usable for environmental applications.

Biowaste-derived substances as a tool for obtaining magnet-sensitive materials for environmental applications in wastewater treatments

“…And this behavior is also sustained by the BET surface area variation and the average magnetite size calculated by Scherrer formula. This odd result can actually be explained considering that BBS in aqueous solution tends to organize in supramolecular arrays in a micellization process, due to its amphiphilic properties, and this probably affects the loading capacities [8,12,56].…”

“…microalgae, biomasses and humic/fulvic acids, chitosan and its derivatives, etc.) as novel adsorbents/active species for the removal of EPs which is very promising allowing both economic and environmental benefits [8][9][10][11][12].…”

“…In particular, most of the problems related to the industrial scale up of such processes are both the pH correction and the reactants consumption [30][31][32], thus the possibility of using low-cost easilyremovable materials working at circumneutral pH is extremely promising. As evidenced in the literature, the introduction of humic-like substances in both Fenton and photo-Fenton processes seems to significantly favor the pollutant degradation capacity in aqueous environment at circumneutral pH, even though the effective role played by humic-like substances in the oxidation mechanism is still not fully solved [6,8,[33][34]. As reported in several studies, humic substances directly improve the degradation of organic pollutants under UV-vis irradiation in two different ways: either involving the triplet-excited states of the O-containing functionalities present in the humic-like structures [35], or through the formation of many reactive O-containing species, such as hydroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 (a 1 D g )), and superoxide species [6,36,37].…”