Effect of hydrodistillation with phosphoric acid on the yield of Chios mastic gum essential oil

Kokolakis, Antonios K.; Kouvarakis, Antonios; Katerinopoulos, Haralambos E.

doi:10.1002/ffj.1958

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…chia (Anacardiaceae). The mastic tree is native throughout the Aegean and Mediterranean regions and is cultivated extensively in southern Chios, a Greek island in the Aegean [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Since ancient Molecules 2020, 25, 2136 2 of 19 times, mastic gum has been utilized for the treatment of digestive and gastric diseases as well as Helicobacter pylori, the principal cause of peptic ulcer [2][3][4][5][6][7]9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mastic tree is native throughout the Aegean and Mediterranean regions and is cultivated extensively in southern Chios, a Greek island in the Aegean [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Since ancient Molecules 2020, 25, 2136 2 of 19 times, mastic gum has been utilized for the treatment of digestive and gastric diseases as well as Helicobacter pylori, the principal cause of peptic ulcer [2][3][4][5][6][7]9,10]. Mastic gum is a complex mixture of different phytochemical groups, including mono-, sesqui-, and triterpenoids, as well as phenolic compounds, many of which are strongly linked to biological activities, displaying antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties [4][5][6][7][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Characterization and Biological Activity of the Mastic Gum Essential Oils of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia from Turkey

et al. 2020

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The essential oils (EOs) were isolated by hydrodistillation from wild and cultivated Pistacia lentiscus L. var. chia—mastic gum tree (Anacardiaceae) from two natural habitats, namely from Cesme–Uzunkoy (1) and Mordogan (2), and one cultivated source, Cesme–Germiyan (3), in Izmir, Turkey. This comparative study evaluated the chemical composition and biological activity of mastic gum essential oils (MGEOs). For this purpose, MGEOs 1–3 were analyzed by gas chromatography–flame ionization detection (GC-FID), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and chiral GC for α-pinene. Laboratory assays were conducted to assess for potential in vitro cytotoxicity (multiple in vitro cancer cell lines), antimicrobial properties (five bacterial species and yeast), anti-inflammatory activity (inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS), and the attraction of Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly, medfly), respectively. Chemical analysis indicated that MGEOs 1 and 2 were rich in α-pinene (56.2% and 51.9%), myrcene (20.1% and 18.6%), and β-pinene (2.7% and 3.1%), respectively; whereas MGEO-3 was characterized by a high level of α-pinene (70.8%), followed by β-pinene (5.7%) and myrcene (2.5%). Chiral GC analyses showed that concentration ratios between (−)/(+)-α-pinene and (−)-α-pinene/myrcene allowed for differentiation between wild and cultivated MGEO sources. In biological assays, MGEOs 1–3 did not exhibit significant antimicrobial effects against the pathogens evaluated and were not strong attractants of male medflies; however, all three MGEOs displayed a dose-dependent inhibition of iNOS, and MGEOs 1 and 2 exhibited selective in vitro cytotoxicity against human cancer cells. These results suggest that wild-type mastic gum oils from Cesme and Mordogan (MGEOs 1 and 2) are potential sources of beneficial products and warrant further investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characterization and Biological Activity of the Mastic Gum Essential Oils of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia from Turkey

et al. 2020

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“…Volatile compounds are the main constituents of mastic gum essential oil-mostly monoterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Ingredients present in at least 5 of 7 studies that we reviewed and the range of concentrations include α-pinene (41%-72%), β-myrcene (1%-18%), β-caryophyllene (1%-5%), verbenone (0.2%-5%), β-pinene (2%-3%), limonene (0.5%-2%), linalool (0.5%-3%), camphene (0.5%-1%), transverbenol (0.2%-7%), sabinene (0.1%-0.3%), myrtenal (0.1%-1.4%), and (E)-methylisoeugenol (0.2%-0.9%). [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] We did not perform patch tests with any of the triterpenoids in gum mastic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Ingredients present in at least 5 of 7 studies that we reviewed and the range of concentrations include α-pinene (41%-72%), β-myrcene (1%-18%), β-caryophyllene (1%-5%), verbenone (0.2%-5%), β-pinene (2%-3%), limonene (0.5%-2%), linalool (0.5%-3%), camphene (0.5%-1%), transverbenol (0.2%-7%), sabinene (0.1%-0.3%), myrtenal (0.1%-1.4%), and (E)-methylisoeugenol (0.2%-0.9%). [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] We did not perform patch tests with any of the triterpenoids in gum mastic. However, among the volatile metabolites, 3 of our 8 patients allergic to gum mastic reacted to hydroperoxides of linalool (Tables 3, 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Dermatitis From Gum Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus) and Gum Storax (Liquidambar styraciflua) in Mastisol-Allergic Patients

Shaw

2020

Dermatitis

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Background: Mastisol Liquid Adhesive is widely used on the skin, especially after surgical procedures. It contains gum mastic, gum storax, methyl salicylate, and ethanol.Objective: The aims of the study were to review our experience patch testing patients allergic to Mastisol and to assess coreacting substances.Methods: We identified 18 patients who were allergic to Mastisol. Most of these had a history of postoperative or cardiac electrode dermatitis and underwent patch testing with multiple surgically related substances, including ingredients of Mastisol, compound tincture of benzoin, and fragrance-related ingredients and botanicals.Results and Conclusions: Among Mastisol-allergic patients, 13 (72%) of 18 were allergic to gum mastic, whereas 7 (44%) of 16 were allergic to gum storax. There was frequent coreactivity with various fragrance-related materials, including Majantol, Styrax benzoin, Myroxylon balsamum, Myroxylon pereirae, propolis, and others. Two gum mastic-allergic patients had positive patch tests with hydroperoxides of linalool and several other linalool-containing essential oils. As gum mastic contains linalool, it may explain some gum mastic reactions. Among patients without a history of postoperative contact dermatitis, 1 (0.4%) of 250 was patch test positive for gum mastic. This patient had allergic contact dermatitis from fragrances, so the gum mastic reaction was likely a true-positive relevant reaction.

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Quality profile determination of Chios mastic gum essential oil and detection of adulteration in mastic oil products with the application of chiral and non-chiral GC–MS analysis

et al. 2016

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Effect of hydrodistillation with phosphoric acid on the yield of Chios mastic gum essential oil

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Chemical Characterization and Biological Activity of the Mastic Gum Essential Oils of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia from Turkey

Chemical Characterization and Biological Activity of the Mastic Gum Essential Oils of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia from Turkey

Contact Dermatitis From Gum Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus) and Gum Storax (Liquidambar styraciflua) in Mastisol-Allergic Patients

Quality profile determination of Chios mastic gum essential oil and detection of adulteration in mastic oil products with the application of chiral and non-chiral GC–MS analysis

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