Effect of hydrogen addition on combustion and emissions performance of a high speed spark ignited engine at idle condition

Abstract

The fuel depletion and environmental pollution have pushed studies on improving the combustion and emission characteristics of internal combustion engines with several alternative fuels. Expert studies proved that hydrogen is one of the prominent energy source which has exceptional combustion qualities that can be used for improving combustion and emissions performance of gasoline-fueled spark ignition engines. This paper introduced an experiment conducted on a single cylinder high speed gasoline engine equipped with a hydrogen injection system to discover the combustion and emissions characteristics with various hydrogen gasoline blends at idle condition. For this purpose, the conventional carburetted high speed spark ignition engine was modified into an electronically controllable engine with help of electronic control unit which dedicatedly used to control the ignition timings and injection duration of gasoline fuel.

The Influence of Hydrogen on Vaporization, Mixture Formation and Combustion of Diesel Fuel at an Automotive Diesel Engine

“…The increase of the combustion speed assures the increase of the flame radius at Hydrogen-diesel fuel fueling, Figure 8, with 3.8% at the maximum xc. Different research papers present pressure and heat release diagrams analysis, which show the reduction of combustion duration at Hydrogen use [14,15,[19][20][21][22][23][27][28][29], which is related to the decreasing tendency in combustion time at H2 use, Figure 7. Hydrogen combustion leads to the acceleration of the flame developing, the maximum radius of the flame developed around the fuel droplet being registered with 3 °CA sooner on the combustion cycle compared to xc = 0.…”

“…Shivaprasad [28] uses the Hydrogen addition in a single-cylinder engine, at idle speed regime. The increase of Hydrogen content leads to the increase of in-cylinder pressure and of the heat release rate, the increase rate of these parameters being also increased [28].…”

“…Shivaprasad [28] uses the Hydrogen addition in a single-cylinder engine, at idle speed regime. The increase of Hydrogen content leads to the increase of in-cylinder pressure and of the heat release rate, the increase rate of these parameters being also increased [28]. Shivaprasad [28] affirms that these aspects are related to the higher combustion speed of Hydrogen that leads to a shorter combustion period at its use.…”

An Overview of Pre-ignition of Hydrogen Engine

“…sources [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Hydrogen energy has received widespread attention for its clean, efficient, renewable and sustainable characteristics [8,9].…”

“…( 5) Hydrogen has no C atom, and the products of combustion as fuel are only water and a certain amount of NOx, no CO, HC, CO 2 and particulate matter, which is the cleanest among the ignition engine fuels. (6) The combustion of hydrogen is carried out according to the chain reaction mechanism, because its flame propagation speed is about 8 times faster than that of gasoline, which means that the combustion of hydrogen engine is closer to the ideal isocapacitive heat cycle, thus effectively improving the thermal efficiency; (7) The diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the air is large, about 12 times that of gasoline, so it is easier to form a homogeneous mixture. [25][26][27][28][29] Although hydrogen has many advantages as fuel, the probability of pre-ignition in hydrogen engines is higher than in conventional internal combustion engines, especially under high load, and the special properties of hydrogen are the main cause of pre-ignition.…”