Effect of Hydroxyethyl Starch on Plasma Volume and Hematocrit Following Hemorrhagic Shock in Dogs Comparison with Dextran, Plasma and Ringerʼs

Vineyard, G C; Bradley, Bruce E.; Defalco, Alfred J.; Lawson, Dan; Wagner, T.; Pastis, W K; Nardella, F A; Hayes, J. R.

doi:10.1097/00000658-196611000-00017

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The good therapeutic effect in the treatment of hypovolemic shock conditions with pooled plasma, dried plasma, PPS II and albumin have been documented experimentally [42,244,405,578,703,769,1048,1115,1155,1245,1470,1472; see also 1214] and clinically [78,114,260,306,705,710,1509].…”

Section: Therapeutic Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Blood Replacement

Gruber¹

1969

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All rights reserved. No part of this book may be translated or reproduced in any form withoutwritten permission from Springer-Verlag. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1969. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 69-16845Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1969The use of general descriptive names, trade marks, etc. in this publication, even if the former are not especially identified, is not be taken as a sign that such names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone. Title-No. 1551 Dedicated to my wife LisaEs wurde fertig in Deiner Hut. Bleib Du mir auf dieser Erden, so 5011 alles fertig werden. THOMAS MANN ForewordThe manifold problems of shock are still of great importance, diagnostic and therapeutic experience of the "severely ill" being supplied with new information almost every month. In the 5 periodicals which have found their way to my desk during the past few days there are no less than 10 interesting articles on questions concerning shock research [see Bibliography 41 b, 53 a, 60 a, 192 a, 242 a, 350 b, 810 a, 941 a, 1069 a, 1082 a]. The most urgent point still is to maintain as complete as possible the objective catalog of the various shock manifestations found in man and in animals -yet at the same time to view interpretations of these phenomena in their relative and temporal "truth".Problems of shock research are not only interesting for their scientific value but also for their clinical implication. In particular, almost every practicing physician is facing problems of blood replacement very frequently. The effective or circulating blood volume remains an important theoretical and therapeutic problem in the shock field. For years, U. F. GRUBER has pursued this question clinically and experimentally. This volume deals with the world literature in an exceptionally thorough manner. This book is made more than a compilation by including a long list of original work done with F. D. MOORE in Boston, in the Surgical Department in Chur, with L. E. GELIN and S. E. BERGENTZ in Goteborg and in the Laboratory for Experimental Surgery in Davos; judgements are made on the basis of original studies, and essential points are separated from unimportant ones. This volume will be welcomed by the medical profession because it carefully treats vital questions concerning this complicated, much-discussed, and in part contested field, considering that today, along with various forms of blood and several plasma preparations, there are more than 40 different plasma replacement substances available with various physico-chemical, biological and pharmacological properties. Older preparations have been abandoned, others modified, and new ones appear.A comparative evaluation of the chemical characteristics, the range of indication and the therapeutic effectiveness of these solutions suggests itself particularly at this time because in recent years the use of large amounts of balanced electrolyte solutions tended to reverse the principles of blood replaceme...

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Section: Therapeutic Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…On the other hand, the experiments point out a superiority of dextran 40 over dextran 75 which is not fully explained on the basis of the volume effect (cf. also [1470]). …”

Section: Dextran 40 Animal Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Blood Replacement

Gruber¹

1969

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“…Crystalloid solutions have been favored by some clinicians because of their lower costs and because colloids given to patients in shock might leak into the pulmonary interstitium and produce a refractory protein-rich interstitial edema. Proponents of colloid resuscitation point out that colloid administration expands the intravascular volume more rapidly and with less than half the amount of crystalloid [9,96]. In addition, colloid proponents have argued that a cnstalloidinduced reduction in plasma colloid osmotic pressure is more likely to precipitate peripheral edema formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Hypertonic-Hyperoncotic Fluids for Resuscitation of Trauma Patients

Vassar

Holcroft

1992

J Intensive Care Med

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Use of hipertonic-h!peroncotic fluids for resuscitation of trauma patients. J Intensive Care ,\led 1992;7189-198. Hypertonic sodium chloride solutions in concentrations ranging from 1.5% to 24% have been studied for use in the resuscitation of burn and hemorrhagic shock victims for many years. In animal studies, in the setting of small volume resuscitation, hypertonic sodium chloride is superior to standard isotonic crystalloid resuscitation for restoration of hemodynamic stability. The combination of hypertonic sodium chloride with a hyperoncotic col. loid solution sustains hemodynamic improvements for an additional hour. Hypertonic-hyperoncotic solutions restore vascular volume primarily by drawing water out of the cell and then seIectively partitioning some of the newly recruited fluid within the plasma space. The hyperosmolar state also augments microcirculatory flow, reduces cerebral edema formation, and perhaps increases myocardial contractility. The ability to increase cardiac output with small volume hypertonic-hyperoncotic resuscitation may solve some of the problems related to fluid resuscitation in the prehospital setting when transport times are prolonged or mass casualties need to be treated. Decreasing the volume of fluid required during resuscitation may also prove beneficial in the setting of craniocerebral trauma where the administration of large volumes of crystalloid can increase intracranial pressure. The largest clinical experiences have been reported with the administration of 4 mVkg of 7.5% sodium chloride combined with 6% dextran 70. These studies have shonn that this solution is safe to administer and effective for reversal of hypotension. Whether or not the ability to reverse hypotension will translate into improved suntval remains undetermined at present and will require larger multiinstitutional trials.From the

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“…Following the restrictions from 2013, HES may still continue to be used to treat hypovolemia caused by acute blood loss, where treatment with crystalloids alone is insufficient . Problems and changes that arise in patients with septic shock are of less concern in hemorrhagic patients, and in other species HES is superior compared to crystalloids in volume resuscitation and HES reduces the risk for AKI in cases of hemorrhagic hypovolemia . There are many causes of often uncontrollable hemorrhage in the horse, where rapid resuscitation yet with permissive hypotension may be of value .…”

Section: Indications Considerations and Recommendations For The Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Problems and changes that arise in patients with septic shock are of less concern in hemorrhagic patients, and in other species HES is superior compared to crystalloids in volume resuscitation and HES reduces the risk for AKI in cases of hemorrhagic hypovolemia. 60,[121][122][123] There are many causes of often uncontrollable hemorrhage in the horse, where rapid resuscitation yet with permissive hypotension may be of value. 124 HES can be used for management of hemorrhagic shock in the horse when crystalloids are insufficient.…”

Section: Hemorrhagic Shock Resuscitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyethyl starches in equine medicine

Galen

Hallowell

2019

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Objective To review and discuss the use of hydroxyethyl starches (HES) in equine veterinary medicine, and to provide recommendations for its use. Data sources Veterinary and human peer‐reviewed medical literature including scientific reviews, meta‐analyses, and original research articles. Human data synthesis Increasing evidences on adverse effects after HES use and decreasing support for beneficial effects with regards to volume expansion and colloid osmotic pressure (COP) support in critically ill subjects have led to a recent guideline to limit the use of HES in critically ill people. Equine veterinary data synthesis The rationale for HES use in horses is mainly extrapolated from human medicine, and very limited studies in horses are available. There is limited evidence suggesting a superiority of volume expansion effects of HES over crystalloids. The potential for HES to increase and maintain COP is well supported, but there is no evidence that maintaining or increasing plasma COP influences outcome, tissue edema formation, or rates of complications that potentially relate to edema formation. HES induce dose–dependent changes in coagulopathic parameters, but there is no evidence that HES causes clinical coagulopathies. Insufficient data are available on other adverse effects such as acute kidney injury, or mortality in horses. The use of HES should be restricted in septic patients, but may still have some use in cases of hemorrhagic shock resuscitation, hypoalbuminemia, or perioperative fluid replacement. Conclusion The evidence supporting the use of HES in horses is weak due to lack of species‐specific investigations. Acknowledging species differences, the use of HES should be judicious, yet with some recognition of its benefits in particular cases. More research is necessary to improve knowledge on use of HES in horses and to establish better future recommendations.

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Effect of Hydroxyethyl Starch on Plasma Volume and Hematocrit Following Hemorrhagic Shock in Dogs Comparison with Dextran, Plasma and Ringerʼs

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Blood Replacement

Blood Replacement

Use of Hypertonic-Hyperoncotic Fluids for Resuscitation of Trauma Patients

Hydroxyethyl starches in equine medicine

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