Effect of hyperbilirubinemia on intestinal permeability in healthy term newborns

Abstract

Our study demonstrates a direct effect of UCB on gut epithelial barrier of at-term newborns in whom UCB appears to be responsible for an alteration of IP that theoretically may lead to a passage of macromolecules through the intestinal epithelium increasing the risk of sensitization.

Lactulose/Mannitol Test and Specificity, Sensitivity, and Area under Curve of Intestinal Permeability Parameters in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Crohn's Disease

“…A further advantage of this ratio is the elimination of errors due to nonmucosal factors, because variables such as rate of gastric emptying, intestinal transit, impairment of renal function, and diuresis should affect both sugars similarly [14][15][16][17][18]. …”

Maturation of gastric electrical activity, gastric emptying and intestinal permeability in preterm newborns during the first month of life

“…Different sugar-absorption tests for measuring intestinal permeability for sugars have been studied in a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. In vivo mannitol is absorbed via the transcellular pathway and serves as a marker of transcellular uptake [ 22 , 23 ] while lactulose is only slightly absorbed, but exclusively across the intestinal membrane through the intercellular junctions, and serves as a marker for mucosal integrity [ 31 ]. In our study L/M ratio was sharply reduced at day 7, then it remained stable.…”

“…Lactulose is a disaccharide that crosses the intestinal epithelium by passive diffusion through the paracellular tight junctions. Mannitol is a monosaccharide that crosses the intestinal epithelium mainly by transcellular passive diffusion through aqueous pores [ 22 ]. The evidence of an exclusively transcellular permeation of monosaccharides is still controversial.…”

Ex vivogut culture for studying differentiation and migration of small intestinal epithelial cells

“…Neonatal gut has a relatively high permeability, which is required for transferring of maternal immunoglobulins in colostrum and selected antigens, further facilitating the proper development of the gut immune system [1,2]. However, the neonatal gut epithelium is susceptible to pathophysiological perturbations [3][4][5][6]. A 'leaky' neonatal gut transmits harmful antigens, altering immune system development/maturation and pre-disposing offspring to immunological disorders [7].…”