Effect of hypnotic suggestion on knee extensor neuromuscular properties in resting and fatigued states

Dittrich, Naiandra; Agostino, Daniel; Philippe, Roberta Antonini; Guglielmo, Luiz Guilherme Antonacci; Place, Nicolas

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0195437

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…To the authors knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that manipulating effort perception within a virtual environment influences an individual’s physical effort. There is a longstanding interest in whether hypnotic suggestion (perception manipulation) can modulate exercise capacity; however, results are equivocal [29]. While, our study did not investigate exercise performance, this finding nevertheless suggests that manipulating sensory or environmental cues could be used to increase physical capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Breathlessness in a virtual world: An experimental paradigm testing how discrepancy between VR visual gradients and pedal resistance during stationary cycling affects breathlessness perception

Finnegan

Dearlove

Morris

et al. 2022

Preprint

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IntroductionThe sensation of breathlessness is often attributed to perturbations in cardio-pulmonary physiology, leading to changes in afferent signals. New evidence suggests that these signals are interpreted in the light of prior “expectations”. A misalignment between afferent signals and expectations may underly unexplained breathlessness. Using a novel immersive virtual reality (VR) exercise paradigm, we investigated whether manipulating an individual’s expectation of effort (determined by a virtual hill gradient) may alter their perception of breathlessness, independent from actual effort (the physical effort of cycling).MethodsNineteen healthy volunteers completed a single experimental session where they exercised on a cycle ergometer while wearing a VR headset. We created an immersive virtual cycle ride where participants climbed up 100 m hills with virtual gradients of 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% and 12%. Each virtual hill gradient was completed twice: once with a 4% cycling ergometer resistance and once with a 6% resistance, allowing us to dissociate expected effort (virtual hill gradient) from actual effort (physical effort of pedalling). At the end of each hill, participants reported their perceived breathlessness. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the independent contribution of actual effort and expected effort to ratings of breathlessness (0-10 scale).ResultsExpectation of effort (effect estimate ± std. error, 0.63 ± 0.11, p<0.001) and actual effort (0.81 ± 0.21, p<0.001) independently explained subjective ratings of breathlessness, with comparable contributions of 19% and 18%, respectively. Additionally, we found that effort expectation accounted for 6% of participants’ physical effort of pedalling and was a significant, independent predictor (0.09 ± 0.03; p=0.001).ConclusionsAn individuals’ expectation of effort is equally important for forming perceptions of breathlessness as the actual effort required to cycle. A new VR paradigm enables this to be experimentally studied and could be used to re-align breathlessness and enhance training programmes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Breathlessness in a virtual world: An experimental paradigm testing how discrepancy between VR visual gradients and pedal resistance during stationary cycling affects breathlessness perception

Finnegan

Dearlove

Morris

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…the realization of a mental image leading-thanks to the hypnotic condition-to a so high level of concentration and intensity to become "plastic", in other words able to produce both psychic (Casiglia et al, 2010b(Casiglia et al, , 2012a(Casiglia et al, , 2012b(Casiglia et al, , 2016bCasiglia & Mentesana, 2018;Facco et al, 2014Facco et al, , 2017Facco et al, , 2019Giordano et al, 2012;Tikhonoff et al, 2018) and physical (Casiglia et al, , 2016a(Casiglia et al, , 2018aCasiglia & Mentesana, 2018;Casiglia & Mentesana, 2007;Tikhonoff et al, 2018) effects. As previously demonstrated by our School (Casiglia et al, 2012a(Casiglia et al, , 2012b(Casiglia et al, , 2018aTikhonoff et al, 2018) and by other Authors (Beevi et al, 2017;Dittrich et al, 2018;Halsband & Wolf, 2015), hypnosis sustained by plastic monoideism, reverberating at a psychosomatic level (Granone, 1962(Granone, , 1972(Granone, , 1989Casiglia, 2015), is therefore an excellent way to study experimentally both mind and body, and a precious tool in the hand of researchers (Casiglia et al, 1994(Casiglia et al, , 2012a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Granone’s Plastic Monoideism Demonstrated by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Casíglia¹,

Finatti²,

Tikhonoff³

et al. 2019

PSYCH

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Plastic monoideism is the supposed basis of hypnosis, but has never been experimentally demonstrated. The aim of the paper presented herein is to demonstrate that plastic monoideism exists and can be put in evidence by functional magnetic resonance (fMRI). To this aim, fMRI brain areas activation was examined in 20 highly hypnotizable young participants during a task represented by hypnotic analgesia. Inhibition of pain transmission from periphery to brain cortex was demonstrated during hypnotic analgesia by lack of activation of central somatosensory areas. At the same time, the Brodmann areas 9, 25, 32 and 47 were highly activated. This indicates that during a hypnotic task the iper-activity of certain brain areas inhibits the other ones. This is just, for the neurobiologist, what plastic monoideism is for the clinic hypnotist. The hyper-activated areas represent the physiological basis of the monoideism, which was therefore confirmed by brain imaging.

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“…At least 48 h after the familiarization session, participants attended the laboratory on two separate sessions to perform either the individualized mental effort protocol or the control condition. Upon arrival, first, we carried out the neuromuscular evaluation of knee extensors adapted from a previous experiment (16,17). Then, TMS was used to evoke MEP from the first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI) muscle to evaluate corticospinal excitability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individualized Mental Fatigue Does Not Impact Neuromuscular Function and Exercise Performance

Holgado

Jolidon

Borragán

et al. 2023

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Introduction Recent studies have questioned previous empirical evidence that mental fatigue negatively impacts physical performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the critical role of individual differences in mental fatigue susceptibility by analyzing the neurophysiological and physical responses to an individualized mental fatigue task. Methods In a preregistered (https://osf.io/xc8nr/), randomized, within-participant design experiment, 22 recreational athletes completed a time to failure test at 80% of their peak power output under mental fatigue (individual mental effort) or control (low mental effort). Before and after the cognitive tasks, subjective feeling of mental fatigue, neuromuscular function of the knee extensors, and corticospinal excitability were measured. Sequential Bayesian analysis until it reached strong evidence in favor of the alternative hypothesis (BF10 > 6) or the null hypothesis (BF10 < 1/6) were conducted. Results The individualized mental effort task resulted in a higher subjective feeling of mental fatigue in the mental fatigue condition (0.50 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.39–0.62)) arbitrary units compared with control (0.19 (95% CI, 0.06–0.339)) arbitrary unit. However, exercise performance was similar in both conditions (control: 410 (95% CI, 357–463) s vs mental fatigue: 422 (95% CI, 367–477) s, BF10 = 0.15). Likewise, mental fatigue did not impair knee extensor maximal force-generating capacity (BF10 = 0.928) and did not change the extent of fatigability or its origin after the cycling exercise. Conclusions There is no evidence that mental fatigue adversely affects neuromuscular function or physical exercise; even if mental fatigue is individualized, computerized tasks seem not to affect physical performance.

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Effect of hypnotic suggestion on knee extensor neuromuscular properties in resting and fatigued states

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Breathlessness in a virtual world: An experimental paradigm testing how discrepancy between VR visual gradients and pedal resistance during stationary cycling affects breathlessness perception

Breathlessness in a virtual world: An experimental paradigm testing how discrepancy between VR visual gradients and pedal resistance during stationary cycling affects breathlessness perception

Granone’s Plastic Monoideism Demonstrated by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Individualized Mental Fatigue Does Not Impact Neuromuscular Function and Exercise Performance

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