Effect ofBacillus cereusas a water or feed additive on the gut microbiota and immunological parameters of Nile tilapia

Abstract

We evaluated the effects of Bacillus cereus, as an additive in water and feed, on the gut microbiota and immunological parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Experiments were performed in tanks and net cages respectively. Experiment 1: Tilapia were housed in tanks for 42 days, and B. cereus was added to the water at 1.0 9 10 4 cfu mL À1 (Treatment 1) and 1.0 9 10 5 cfu mL À1 (Treatment 2) weekly. For the control, no probiotic was added. Experiment 2: Tilapia were housed in cages for 42 days, and the feed was supplemented with B. cereus at 1.0 9 10 7 cfu g À1 (Treatment 1) and 1.0 9 10 8 cfu g À1 (Treatment 2) weekly. For the control, no probiotic was added. Each treatment contained three replicates, with 50 male tilapias per replicate. The fish from the probiotic treatments in both tank and cage experiments had significantly higher serum lysozyme and peroxidase activities than the control. In the cage experiment, alkaline phosphatase and total superoxide dismutase activities in tilapia were significantly higher in probiotic treatments compared with the control. The results of polymerase chain reactiondenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis showed that B. cereus supplementation in the feed and water affected the autochthonous gut bacteria community of tilapia and stimulated various potentially beneficial bacteria. Therefore, B. cereus, as a water or feed additive, could enhance the immune status and affect the gut microbiota of tilapia. Bacillus cereus was more effective as a feed supplement rather than a water additive for enhancing the immune status of tilapia.

Effects of dietary supplementation of a marine thermotolerant bacterium, Bacillus paralicheniformis SO‐1, on growth performance and immune responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

“…The present study revealed that dietary supplementation of SO‐1 provided significant enhancement of the immune responses of Nile tilapia. Similar results were reported by Wang et al (), where the administration of the probiotic B. cereus via both feed and tank water had beneficial effects on the immune status of Nile tilapia.…”

“…This increase indicates the stimulation of non‐specific immune system in Nile tilapia, as suggested by Ferguson et al (). Similar results were also reported in snakehead (Talpur, Munir, Mary, & Hashim, ), rainbow trout (Hoseinifar, Mirvaghefi, Amoozegar, Sharifian, & Esteban, ) and Nile tilapia (Wang et al, ), where the increase in LSZ activity caused an elevation of various humoral factors that can protect the host during pathogen invasion (Chi et al, ). In addition, Zou, Hoseinifar, Miandare, and Hajimoradloo () recorded a significant increase in serum lysozyme of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) fed on a diet supplemented with 5 g/kg white bottom mushroom ( Agaricus bisporus ) powder as a probiotic.…”

The composition of the microbial community associated with Macrobrachium rosenbergii zoeae varies throughout larval development

“…Bacillus is an extremely diverse group of bacteria that includes both the causative agent of anthrax ( Bacillus anthracis ) and several species that synthesize important antibiotics. In aquaculture, most Bacillus bacteria reported have been probiotic, including Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Reda & Selim, ; Selim & Reda, ), Bacillus subtilis (Aly, Ahmed, Ghareeb, & Mohamed, ) and Bacillus pumilus (Aly, Mohamed, & John, ; Hong et al, ; Wang et al, ). The use of probiotic bacteria is regarded as a promising strategy and their use in aquaculture has been widely accepted, as is evident from the number of research studies published over the last ten years (Balcázar et al, ; Merrifield et al, ; Swapnap et al, ; Wang, Li, & Lin, ).…”

Dietary supplementation of Bacillus cereus as probiotics in Pengze crucian carp ( Carassius auratus var. Pengze): Effects on growth performance, fillet quality, serum biochemical parameters and intestinal histology

“…Though Bacillus species as probiotics was widely used in fish farming, most studies focused on strains such as B. subtilis and B. licheniformis (Nemutanzhela, Roets, Gardiner, & Lalloo, 2014;Olmos & Paniagua-Michel, 2014). Recently, the application of B. cereus has been reported to have positive impacts on growth performance and immune response of fish like tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum; Dias et al, 2018), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus; Wang et al, 2017) and Clarias gariepinus (Reda, El-Hady, Selim, & El-Sayed, 2018). Evidences from previous studies indicated that enzymes produced by Bacillus sp.…”