Effect of Costus spiralis (Jacq.) Roscoe Leaves, Methanolic Extract and Guaijaverin on Blood Glucose and Lipid Levels in a Type II Diabetic Rat Model

Abstract

This study aimed to isolate and identify flavonoids with hypoglycemic activity in Costus spiralis leaves. The methanolic extract (ME) was rich in flavonoids, while the powdered leaves (PL) contained considerable amounts of macro‐ and microelements. Oral acute treatment of streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats for 18 h with the C. spiralis PL, ME and isolated guaijaverin (GUA) lowered glycemia, improved oral glucose tolerance and inhibited liver lipid peroxidation. GUA and ME lowered plasma levels of low‐density and non‐high density lipoproteins; GUA also lowered total cholesterol levels. PL, ME and GUA did not significantly alter the plasma levels of triglycerides, high‐density lipoproteins, very low‐density lipoproteins, creatinine and aspartate transaminase, and the total protein levels in the kidney and liver tissues. Therefore, C. spiralis leaves are promising raw materials and rich sources of bioactive flavonoids for the development of novel antidiabetic drugs due to their hypoglycemic, antidyslipidemic and antioxidant actions.

α‐Glucosidase Inhibition Action of Major Flavonoids Identified from Hypericum Attenuatum Choisy and Their Synergistic Effects

“…The hydrogen signal at δH 5.25 (1H, D, J =5.2, H‐1’’) correlated with δC 101.88 (C‐1’’). The spectra data was identical to guaijaverin spectra data reported in Duarte's research [17] . This was the first report to separate guaijaverin from H. attenuatum Choisy.…”

“…The spectra data was identical to guaijaverin spectra data reported in Duarte's research. [17] This was the first report to separate guaijaverin from H. attenuatum Choisy.…”

Hepatoprotective Native Plants Documented in Brazilian Traditional Medicine Literature: Current Knowledge and Prospects

“…Oral treatment with C. spiralis (‘ canarana ’ or ‘ cana‐do‐brejo ’) [24] leaf methanolic extract (125–500 mg/kg), along with the isolated flavonoid guaijaverin ( 10 ) (2.5 and 25 mg/kg), prevented lipid peroxidation in the liver of diabetic rats but did not alter their plasma levels of transaminases [83] . Menezes et al [184] .…”

“…Roscoe Oral treatment with C. spiralis ('canarana' or 'cana-dobrejo') [24] leaf methanolic extract (125-500 mg/kg), along with the isolated flavonoid guaijaverin (10) (2.5 and 25 mg/kg), prevented lipid peroxidation in the liver of diabetic rats but did not alter their plasma levels of transaminases. [83] Menezes et al [184] evaluated the safety of the aqueous extract obtained from C. spicatus leaves in a model of acute oral toxicity (14 days) at doses ranging from 1 to 5 g/kg in male mice, demonstrating an absence of deaths or behavioral changes in the animals.…”

Comunicação de más notícias: a percepção dos acadêmicos internos da FAPAC/ITPAC Porto Nacional

“…A caninha-do-brejo, por sua ampla utilização como planta medicinal, foi pesquisada em outros segmentos que têm confirmado os seus efeitos terapêuticos utilizando-se de seus extratos vegetais, corroborando as suas propriedades medicinais. Destacam-se as ações hipoglicemiantes, antidislipidêmicas e antioxidantes em experimentos com ratos (DUARTE et al, 2019), ação contra Leishmania chagasi e Leishmania amazonenses (BRAGA et al, 2007), capacidade anti-inflamatória, inibição da permeabilidade vascular, proteção cardiovascular e antiaterosclerótica (SILVA; PARENTE, 2004), e atividade antiurolitítica em cálculos renais formados por cristais de oxalato de cálcio em modelos experimentais vivos (VIEL et al, 1999), validando as diversas funções medicinais presentes em uma mesma planta, e com potencial para novas descobertas, como as descritas no presente estudo.…”