Effect of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng leaf extracts on the mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt: A scanning electron microscope study

Abstract

Scanning electron microscopic study revealed some remarkable adverse effects of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng leaf extract on cuticular and antennal sensilla of the mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. The study appears to be the first of its kind in providing evidence on toxic property of the plant on certain agricultural pests, although the indigenous tribes of the region know the insecticidal property of the plant for a long time. The study further provides indications regarding the neurotoxic nature of the leaf extract since it has caused abnormalities in the sensory structures. The presence of prominent swellings in some sensilla and shrinkage in others suggests that the leaf extract affects different systems through different mechanisms. The possible use of the plant as a potential biopesticide against certain insect pests is discussed.

Cadinene sesquiterpenes fromEupatorium adenophorumand their antifungal activity

“…Similarly, a set of three multiplets at δ 3.25, 1.63 and 1.52 and three singlets at δ 1.89, 1.82 and 1.78 were assigned to methane and methyl protons respectively. Its structure was further confirmed by 13 The 1 H-NMR spectrum of 2-acetyl-cadinan-3,6-diene-7-one (EA-5) exhibited characteristic peaks corresponding to cadinene skeleton. Some of the proton peaks were deshielded due to presence of neighboring carbonyl group at 7th position, acetyl group at 2nd position and double bond of cyclohexane ring (Table 2).…”

“…Characteristic singlet at δ 2.12 was observed which may be assigned to acetyl group. The 13 Antifungal bioassay guided extraction revealed that hexane and EtOAc concentrates were the most active fraction (Fig. 3).…”

“…[7][8][9] It is also known for its insect control properties. [10][11][12][13][14] Solvent concentrate of leaves and flowers are mainly consisted with sesquiterpenoid derivatives. [15][16][17][18][19] Despite some sporadic attempts on insecticidal activity of E. adenophorum extracts, less attention has been focused on fungicidal activity.…”

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Eupatorium adenophorum

“…Most studies have focused on the invasion and dissemination patterns of E. adenophorum, its physiological ecology, individual species biology characteristics, and prevention and utilization (Wang et al 1994;Dey et al 2005). The karyotype of E. adenophorum has also been characterized and was found to be 2n = 3x = 51, belonging to the ''2B'' type.…”

Toxic effect of environmental acid‐stress on the sperm of a hill‐stream fish Devario aequipinnatus: A scanning electron microscopic evaluation

“…The scanning electron microscopy has been proved to be versatile in assessing the effect of environmental stress, pollution, and toxic chemicals on surface morphology of various tissues in a number of animals (Dey et al, 2001(Dey et al, , 2005. The present study on SEM of the transverse section of the testes of the fishes collected from their natural habitat with acidic pH and also from adults raised in aquarium with acidic pH revealed some remarkable abnormal features.…”