Effect of Flammulina velutipes (golden needle mushroom, eno-kitake) polysaccharides on constipation

Abstract

Flammulina velutipes, (Curt. ex Fr.) Sing, a popularly edible fungus, has been widely used both as a restorative drug and a tonic food in China. In the current study, the effect of F. velutipes polysaccharides was evaluated with a constipated rat model induced by loperamide hydrochloride. The rats were divided into six groups: normal group, model group, positive control group, F. velutipes polysaccharides high, moderate and low dose groups. Rats were given 2 mL of Loperamide hydrochloride (3 mg·kg·d), by intragastric administration 2 times per day for 10 days. F. velutipes polysaccharides at the doses of 600, 400 and 200 mg/kg (1 mL/100g weight) were administered to treat rats with constipation for 7 days. The gastrointestinal hormones, including motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), substance P (SP), somatostatin (SS), and intestinal propulsive rate and feces weight at 24 hours after treatment were used as the indexes to evaluate the effects of F. velutipes polysaccharides on constipation. The levels of MTL, GAS and SP in serum significantly increased and the levels of SS in serum of rats significantly decreased after the treatment of rats with F. velutipes polysaccharides as compared with those of rats in the model group.

The potential of Quercetin to protect against loperamide‐induced constipation in rats

“…In this study, constipation can reduce the mRNA levels of c‐Kit and SCF in rat small intestine and QCT could effectively upregulate the mRNA levels of c‐Kit and SCF ( p < .05), which rises the content of ICC in intestine of constipated rat, thus improving constipation. Previous evidence showed that the constipation is tightly correlated with the dysregulation of gastrointestinal motility‐mediating enteric neurons, ICC, and smooth muscle cells (Du et al., 2011; Xin et al., 2018). The neurotransmitters and peptides (such as MTL) released by the enteric nervous system can bind to the receptors on the ICC and promote slow waves generated in ICC to depolarize smooth muscle cells, generating GI contractions, and accelerating intestinal transit.…”

Molecular Properties of Flammulina velutipes Polysaccharide–Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) Complexes via Noncovalent Interactions

“…However, changes in noncovalent interactions on structures of proteins in the composite system have yet to be resolved, and few studies have investigated the noncovalent interactions in the complex of WPI and bioactive polysaccharides. Flammulina velutipes belongs to Tricholomataceae and is widely eaten in China and Japan [ 16 ]. Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVPs) are regarded as one of the most important substances in Flammulina velutipes, which have been reported to possess a wide spectrum of biological activities including antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities, the ability to prevent Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection, and the capacity to induce immunity by activating macrophages [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Two Novel Polysaccharides in Psoralea corylifolia L and anti-A549 Lung Cancer Cells Activity In Vitro

“…Polysaccharides, as an important carbohydrate in nature, are from different sources, such as plant, fungi, and algae, and they exhibit different chemical and biological activities, depending on the structure and nature of the monosaccharides [1]. Due to the physicochemical and functional properties of polysaccharides, i.e., their water retention ability, filming capacity, antioxidant, anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, anti-cancer, constipation, and antithrombus activities [2,3,4,5,6,7], polysaccharides are used in a wide variety of industrial applications, such as food, pharmaceuticals, and textiles. However, inrecent years, due to its high molecular weight, polysaccharides have poor water solubility, so there has been increasing interest in water-soluble polysaccharides as an important class of bioactive substances that may compete with traditional polysaccharides due to their potential biological activities and processing properties.…”