Effect of Imidacloprid Uptake from Contaminated Soils on Vegetable Growth

Abstract

In the present study, the effect of imidacloprid uptake from contaminated soils on the growth of leaf vegetable Shanghaiqing was investigated. The result showed that during 35-day exposure, the concentration of imidacloprid (IMI) was in the order of vegetable shoots > vegetable roots > soil, indicating that IMI was more readily concentrated in vegetable shoots than in roots. Moreover, the biomass of IMI-treated vegetable shoots was comparable to that of the controls with early exposure, but was higher than that of the controls after 7-day exposure, showing that the test concentration of IMI could stimulate vegetable growth. The plant metabolic analysis of vegetable shoots using LC-QTOF/MS revealed that IMI may cause oxidative stress to the plant shoots with early exposure; however, the stressful situation of IMI seems to be relieved with the increase of some substances (such as spermidine and phenylalanine) with late exposure. Moreover, the upregulation of N-rich amino acids (glutamine, aspartate, and arginine) suggested that the process of fixing inorganic nitrogen in the plant should be enhanced, possibly contributing to enhanced growth rates. Additionally, four IMI's metabolites were identified by using MS-FINDER software, and the distribution of three metabolites in vegetable tissues was compared.

When the Medicine Feeds the Problem; Do Nitrogen Fertilisers and Pesticides Enhance the Nutritional Quality of Crops for Their Pests and Pathogens?

“…It is important to note that the subtle (but potentially nutritionally important) disruption of primary metabolism observed in the above studies occurred as a common response to several different pesticides (Mahdavi et al, 2015;Serra et al, 2015;Blondel et al, 2016;Li et al, 2019). This effect appears, thus, not to be linked to particular modes of action by active ingredients.…”

“…Data from a number of recently published metabolomic studies (see Box 2) indicates that similar biochemical changes (akin to those associated with stress and/or senescence) can occur in crop tissues following exposure to some contemporary pesticide products (Mahdavi et al, 2015;Serra et al, 2015;Blondel et al, 2016;Li et al, 2019).…”

“…Finally, a recent study by Li et al (2019) exposed 2-weekold seedlings of pak choi (Brassica chinensis) to "residual" concentrations of the widely used neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid (IMI). LC-QTOF/MS-based metabolomic analyses were carried out on the 1st and 21st days after exposure (DAE), and these revealed significant fluctuations in a wide array of metabolites.…”

Leymus chinensis Adapts to Degraded Soil Environments by Changing Metabolic Pathways and Root Exudate Components

“…Succinic acid and oxalic acid are considered to be the main C sources of denitrification microorganisms ( Liu et al, 2016 ), and some phenolic substances have been shown to promote organic matter in soil decomposition by stimulating changes in microbial community composition ( Huang et al, 2019 ). Plant roots can release amino acids and exert a variety of biological effects by passive diffusion; for example, the osmotic adjustment substance proline can protect cell membranes from oxidative stresses and stabilize protein structure ( Li et al, 2019 ). In addition, some substances such as benzoic acid, hydrocarbons, and others detected were allelopathic substances, which could affect seed germination and microbial growth and possibly interfere with the growth of other plants.…”

Polyaniline Nanowire Arrays Deposited on Porous Carbon Derived from Raffia for Electrochemical Detection of Imidacloprid

“…Imidacloprid (IMI), the first‐generation neonicotinoid insecticide, was introduced in 1991 and applied in aquaculture systems, leading to much residues in water [1]. Residues of IMI can even exist for months or years because of its high persistence in environment [2]. So far, IMI has been detected in groundwater or aquatic systems in many countries and regions, such as united states, brazil, china and so on [3].…”