Effect of immune-boosting beverage, energy beverage, hydrogen peroxide superior, polishing methods and fine-grained dental prophylaxis paste on color of CAD-CAM restorative materials

Abstract

Background The effect of an immune-boosting beverage (SAM) containing Sambucus Nigra, an energy beverage (ENE), an in-office bleaching (BLE) agent with 25% hydrogen peroxide superior, glazing (GLA) or polishing (POL) methods, and professional dental prophylaxis (PDP) on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials is unknown. Methods In total 210 specimens were prepared, consisting of CAD-CAM feldspathic (FC), zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate ceramic (ZLS) and hybrid ceramic (HC). The ceramic specimens were divided according to the polishing methods of glazing (GLA) and mechanical polishing (POL). All materials were divided into two groups: with and without BLE. A 25% hydrogen peroxide superior (HPS) gel was used for BLE. After the baseline (BAS) measurement, the specimens were immersed in 3 different beverages (distilled water (DIS), SAM, ENE). After 28 days, a fine-grained (RDA 7) prophylaxis paste was applied. Statistical analysis of ∆E00 color difference values was performed by 3-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α=0.05). Results The effect of all other actions except material-BLE-beverage on color for BAS-Day 28 was statistically different (p<0.05). The effect of material, material-BLE, beverage on color for Day 28-PDP was statistically different (p<0.05). After 28 days, the lowest color change was found in FC-GLA and HC immersed in DIS (p=0.0001) and the highest in FC-POL immersed in ENE (p=0.0002). PDP was efficient in color recovery in HC immersed to DIS, ENE and SAM (p=0.0010). For FC, HC and ZLS, BLE caused a higher color change (p<0.0001). Regardless of the material, the highest color change for BLE-beverage was found in BLE-treated specimens immersed in ENE (P=0.0496) and the lowest color change was found in non-BLE-treated specimens immersed in SAM (p=0.0074). Conclusions In materials pre-exposed to 25% HPS, the effect of PDP on color recovery was lower than in unexposed materials. Mechanical polishing produced higher color change in FC compared to glazing, but the values were equal for ZLS. For material/polishing method, HC was the most effective. ENE caused higher color change than DIS and SAM. PDP was more effective than ENE in restoring color to DIS- and SAM-immersed specimens.