Effect of incorporation of Halloysite nanotubes on the structure and properties of low-density polyethylene/thermoplastic starch blend

A starch based sustainable bio-hybrid composite for surface assimilation of methylene blue: preparation, characterization, and adsorption study

“…In addition to the curve, the loop formed resembles an H3 hysteresis ring suggesting slit shaped pores for the adsorbent. 16,20,53 The surface area, pore volume and pore diameter obtained for the composite flakes were 6.60 m 2 g −1 , 0.027 cm 3 g −1 and 1.65 nm, respectively. It is important to note that the surface area improved for composites compared to neat starch (0.65 m 2 g −1 ) but was low with respect to HNT (54.26 m 2 g −1 ).…”

“…18 The literature suggests chemical crosslinking is the best way to incorporate a highly versatile nanoclay, such as with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), which have good dispersion and appropriate interfacial adhesion in the polymer matrix. 20,23,24…”

“…This can be achieved through various interactions such as hydrogen bonding, chelate formation and electrostatic interaction to name a few. [19][20][21] A new class of bio-composites is explored extensively with nanoclay reinforcement for processing starch-based hybrid materials. 22 In this approach, the individual properties of the starch biomass can be preserved and also improve the physicochemical characteristics of the adsorbent substantially.…”

Polystyrene/polyolefin elastomer/halloysite nanotubes blend nanocomposites: Morphology‐thermal degradation kinetics relationship

“…Moreover, the thermal stability of the nanocomposites in the presence of and absence of both compatibilizers was improved. Peres and Orefice 56 evaluated the influence of incorporating HNTs on the low‐density polyethylene (LDPE)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) blends. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) micrographs revealed that the HNTs are mostly present in the TPS phase.…”

Manufacturing and compatibilization of binary blends of polyethylene and poly(bulylene succinate) by injection molding

“…Halloysite is a natural aluminosilicate, chemically similar to Kaolin, from natural deposits in countries such as China, Brazil, and France, among others (Du, Guo, & Jia, 2006). Depending on its origin, halloysite can be found in the form of spheres, plates, elongated prisms, or nanotubes, being the last ones the most used as reinforcements in polymers (Peres & Oréfice, 2020). HNT are hollow tubular structures consisting of multiple layers with dimensions ranging from 500 to 1000 nm in length, 15 to 100 nm in inner diameter and 40 to 120 nm in outer diameter (Pal, Kundu, Malas, & Das, 2014;Schmitt, Prashantha, Soulestin, Lacrampe, & Krawczak, 2012) One of the most important characteristics of HNTs is the difference in chemical structure between the inner and outer surface, on the one hand, the outer surface is composed of siloxane while the inner layers are composed of aluminol groups (Carli, Daitx, Soares, Crespo, & Mauler, 2014).…”