Effect of increased intake of skimmed milk, casein, whey or water on body composition and leptin in overweight adolescents: a randomized trial

Larnkjær, Anni; Arnberg, Karina; Michaelsen, Kim F.; Jensen, Signe Marie; Mølgaard, Christian

doi:10.1111/ijpo.12007

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, given that puberty is a period of rapid growth, BMI is not the most representative and adequate index of body composition. Thus, Larnkjaer et al ( 79 ) in a follow-up analysis of this study demonstrated that milk-based drinks increased both body fat and lean mass. Although milk-based drinks improved body composition by increasing lean mass and maintaining fat mass relative to pre-test control, they had a less favourable effect on body composition than water intake.…”

Section: Evidence From Intervention Studies (N 20) Of the Effect Of Msupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Data from the majority of the studies reviewed show that there is a neutral effect of dairy product ( n 10) and milk ( n 9) consumption on body weight and body composition in children and adolescents. More specifically, all the studies that examined the impact of a dairy food-rich diet relative to habitual diet on indicators of adiposity showed neutral effect and three studies ( 75 , 78 , 79 ) that used milk consumption as the intervention showed an increase in body weight. However, as pointed out in the description of those studies, the increase in body weight was accompanied by an increase in lean mass ( 78 , 79 ) or overall growth ( 75 ) .…”

Section: Evidence From Intervention Studies (N 20) Of the Effect Of Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A critical review of the role of milk and other dairy products in the development of obesity in children and adolescents

Dougkas

Barr

Reddy³

et al. 2018

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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Existing reviews suggest that milk and other dairy products do not play a role in the development of obesity in childhood, but they do make an important contribution to children’s nutrient intake. It is thus curious that public health advice on the consumption of dairy products for children is often perceived as unclear. The present review aimed to provide an overview of the totality of the evidence on the association between milk and other dairy products, and obesity and indicators of adiposity, in children. Our search identified forty-three cross-sectional studies, thirty-one longitudinal cohort studies and twenty randomised controlled trials. We found that milk and other dairy products are consistently found to be not associated, or inversely associated, with obesity and indicators of adiposity in children. Adjustment for energy intake tended to change inverse associations to neutral. Also, we found little evidence to suggest that the relationship varied by type of milk or dairy product, or age of the children, although there was a dearth of evidence for young children. Only nine of the ninety-four studies found a positive association between milk and other dairy products and body fatness. There may be some plausible mechanisms underlying the effect of milk and other dairy products on adiposity that influence energy and fat balance, possibly through fat absorption, appetite or metabolic activity of gut microbiota. In conclusion, there is little evidence to support a concern to limit the consumption of milk and other dairy products for children on the grounds that they may promote obesity.

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Section: Evidence From Intervention Studies (N 20) Of the Effect Of Msupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Evidence From Intervention Studies (N 20) Of the Effect Of Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of the role of milk and other dairy products in the development of obesity in children and adolescents

Dougkas

Barr

Reddy³

et al. 2018

Nutr. Res. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Unfortunately, only few clinical researches have evaluated the effects of whey proteins in young obese subjects [16,17,18], who, in comparison to the normal-weight counterpart, present complex alterations in central and peripheral regulatory systems of food intake, including anorexigenic gastrointestinal peptides [19,20,21,22,23,24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whey Proteins Reduce Appetite, Stimulate Anorexigenic Gastrointestinal Peptides and Improve Glucometabolic Homeostasis in Young Obese Women

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Proteins, particularly whey proteins, represent the most satiating macronutrient in animals and humans. A dietetic regimen based on proteins enriched preload before eating might be a strategy to counteract obesity. Aims and Methods: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an isocaloric drink containing whey proteins or maltodextrins (preload) on appetite (satiety/hunger measured by a visual analogue scale or VAS), glucometabolic control (blood glucose/insulin), and anorexigenic gastrointestinal peptides (pancreatic polypeptide or PP, glucagon-like peptide 1 or GLP-1 and peptide YY or PYY) in a cohort of obese young women (n = 9; age: 18.1 ± 3.0 years; body mass index, BMI: 38.8 ± 4.5 kg/m2). After two and a half hours, they were administered with a mixed meal at a fixed dose; satiety and hunger were measured by VAS. Results: Each drink significantly augmented satiety and reduced hunger, and the effects were more evident with whey proteins than maltodextrins. Similarly, there were significant increases in GLP-1 and PYY levels (but not PP) after the ingestion of each drink; these anorexigenic responses were higher with whey proteins than maltodextrins. While insulinemia identically increased after each drink, whey proteins induced a lower glycemic response than maltodextrins. No differences in satiety and hunger were found after the meal, which is presumably due to the late administration of the meal test, when the hypophagic effect of whey proteins was disappearing. Conclusions: While whey proteins actually reduce appetite, stimulate anorexigenic gastrointestinal peptides, and improve glucometabolic homeostasis in young obese women, further additional studies are mandatory to demonstrate their hypophagic effects in obese subjects, when administered as preload before eating.

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“…Incontrast, with overweight adolescents, the intake of skimmed milk, CN and WP (30 [72] or 35 g/day [6]) over 12 weekswas shown to negatively affect anthropometric parameters. The 3 milk proteins caused an increase in BMI, BMI-for-age Z-scores and weight.…”

Section: Satiatingand Weight Management Effects Of Milk Proteins In Hmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In contrast, consumption of water instead of the milk proteins resulted in a significant increase in lean mass but not in fat mass. These studies suggested that in obese adolescents, water intake instead of milk protein drinks may be more beneficial to positively alter body composition [6,72].…”

Section: Satiatingand Weight Management Effects Of Milk Proteins In Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive properties of milk proteins in humans: A review

Nongonierma

Fitzgerald

2015

Peptides

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Many studies have demonstrated that milk protein consumption has benefits in terms of promoting human health. This review assesses the intervention studies which have evaluated potential health enhancing effects in humans following the ingestion of milk proteins. The impact of milk protein ingestion has been studied to asses their satiating, hypotensive, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, insulinotropic properties as well as their impact on morphological modifications (e.g., muscle and fat mass) in humans. Consistent health promoting effects appear to have been observed in certain instances (i.e., muscle protein synthesis, insulinotropic and hypotensive activity). However, controversial outcomes have also been reported (i.e., antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant properties). Several factors including interindividual differences, the timing of protein ingestion as well as the potency of the active components may explain these differences. In addition, processing conditions have been reported, in certain instances, to affect milk protein structure and therefore modify their bioactive potential. It is thought that the health promoting properties of milk proteins are linked to the release of bioactive peptides (BAPs) during gastrointestinal digestion. There is a need for further research to develop a more in-depth understanding on the possible mechanisms involved in the observed physiological effects. In addition, more carefully controlled and appropriately powered human intervention studies are required to demonstrate the health enhancing properties of milk proteins in humans.

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Effect of increased intake of skimmed milk, casein, whey or water on body composition and leptin in overweight adolescents: a randomized trial

Abstract: Although milk proteins increased LMI in overweight adolescents, there was a concurrent increase in FMI and leptin, whereas water only resulted in increased LMI. Thus, increased water intake may be beneficial for body composition in overweight adolescents.

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

A critical review of the role of milk and other dairy products in the development of obesity in children and adolescents

A critical review of the role of milk and other dairy products in the development of obesity in children and adolescents

Whey Proteins Reduce Appetite, Stimulate Anorexigenic Gastrointestinal Peptides and Improve Glucometabolic Homeostasis in Young Obese Women

Bioactive properties of milk proteins in humans: A review

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