Effect of indium doping on the optical properties and laser damage resistance of ZnO thin films

Lameche, Nor El Houda; Bouzid, S.; Hamici, Melia; Boudissa, M.; Messaci, S.; Yahiaoui, K.

doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.07.039

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…High aspect ratio zinc oxide nanorods promote lyotropic ordering and are therefore the primary subject of this investigation. Furthermore, ZnO inherently offers appealing laser damage resistance and anisotropic optical properties in the near-infrared range (NIR) . Zinc oxide nanorods comprise wurtzite crystals with their crystallographic c -axis oriented along the rods’ long dimension, supporting in-plane birefringence of a monodomain film.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesomorphic Ceramic Film Fabricated via Blade Coating of a Lyotropic Nematic Liquid Crystal for High-Power Lasers

Cheng

Chen

Anthamatten

2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Mesomorphic ceramic films are fabricated over large areas by blade coating of a lyotropic nematic sol of zinc oxide nanorods. Upon calcination to remove organics, continuous monodomain films with a uniform thickness result as transparent ceramics, exhibiting uniform birefringence over centimeter dimensions. At low blade-coating velocities, the dry film thickness varies inversely with the coating velocity, whereas at high coating velocities, it increases with increasing velocity as prescribed by the Landau–Levich theory. The thickness–velocity scaling in the Landau–Levich regime depends on the shear-thinning behavior of the lyotropic nematic sol. The optimization of the coating process for the minimization of optical defects leads to transparent monodomain films that exhibit a uniform in-plane birefringence of 0.032 ± 0.002 from 580 to 1690 nm. After calcination, the resulting mesomorphic ceramic films span large areas (3.5 cm × 2.5 cm), are optically transparent with uniform thickness (0.60 ± 0.03 μm), and exhibit smooth surface finish with an average surface roughness of 20 nm. The alignment of zinc oxide crystallites along the coating direction within mesomorphic ceramics is confirmed by X-ray diffraction texture analysis and scanning electron microscopy imaging. As explained by the effective medium theory, the measured in-plane birefringence of 0.118 ± 0.003 is primarily contributed by form birefringence over intrinsic birefringence of zinc oxide in mesomorphic ceramics. The reported approach to highly ordered mesomorphic ceramics directly from lyotropic nematic sols, avoiding the gel state, could be generally applicable to other mineral liquid crystals, thereby benefiting the manufacture of optics for high-power lasers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesomorphic Ceramic Film Fabricated via Blade Coating of a Lyotropic Nematic Liquid Crystal for High-Power Lasers

Cheng

Chen

Anthamatten

2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…Interplanar distance and lattice parameter are approximately the same before and after doping. The unit cell volume for 0 M% and 2 M% Dy-doped α-MoO 3 is 192.344 and 194.195 (Å) 3 , respectively. The stacking fault value decreases as 2 M% Dydoped in α-MoO 3 .…”

Section: Williamson-hall (W-h) Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the recent years, transition metal oxide semiconductors (TMOSs) have gained a great deal of attention in the field of modern science and technology due to its variety of crystal phases and unique properties [1][2][3][4][5]. The nanocrystalline TMOSs such as TiO 2 [6], SnO 2 [7], MoO 3 [8], ZnO [9], and NiO [10] are the most widely studied TMOSs by various researchers all over the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray peak profile analysis of pure and Dy-doped α-MoO₃ nanobelts using Debye-Scherrer, Williamson-Hall and Halder-Wagner methods

Sen

Barman

Manir

et al. 2020

Adv. Nat. Sci: Nanosci. Nanotechnol.

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In this article, pure and 2 M% dysprosium (Dy)-doped α-MoO3 nanobelts have been successfully synthesised by the autoclave assisted-hydrothermal method. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that the nanobelts were crystalline in nature with an orthorhombic structure. The sharp and narrow XRD peaks divulged the high quality with good crystallinity of the nanobelts. The intensity of the peak (040) increased and shifted towards lower 2θ values which reflected the successful incorporation of Dy in MoO3 matrix. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed the formation of randomly distributed nanobelts with average width of 90–150 nm and length of 950–1300 nm. Vibration behaviour of chemical bonds was characterised by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the detected peaks confirm the formation of orthorhombic structure of MoO3. The energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) spectra confirmed the Dy incorporation in the MoO3 matrix. Debye–Scherrer method, Wilson method, Williamson Hall (W − H) and Halder-Wagner (H − W) analyses have been employed to investigate the different parameters (such as crystallite size and lattice strain) and to analyse their contribution on the XRD peak broadening of the nanobelts. The crystallinity improved as the average crystallite size increased, and FWHM, lattice strain and dislocation density decreased after Dy doping. The obtained values of crystallite size estimated using Debye–Scherrer equation, and W − H and H − W plots, are nearly similar, highly inter-correlated and in the range of 26.06–31.44 nm. The Halder-Wagner (H-W) plots give the more precise results of different microstructural parameters by analysing XRD peak broadening of both samples compared to Debye–Scherrer and Williamson Hall methods.

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“…Generally, the undoped ZnO film has a low carrier concentration and a high resistivity, and thus In, aluminum (Al), and gallium (Ga) are often applied to dope ZnO to improve the conductivity. [17][18][19] Therefore, three kinds of ZnO, i.e. Al-,Ga-, and In-doped ZnO (AZO, GZO, and IZO, respectively), are observed in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Thus, in order to get precise calculated results, the actual refractive index of various doped ZnO should be chosen. Typically, the refractive indices of Gr, IZO, AZO, and GZO are taken as n = 2.24 + 0.07i, [34] 1.97 + 0.01i, [17] 1.91 + 0.05i, [18] and 1.87 + 0.01i, [19] respectively. The transmission of TCLs is equal to the ratio of the square of the electric field strength.…”

Section: Simulation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of graphene/ZnO hybrid transparent electrode on characteristics of GaN light-emitting diodes

Tan

Zhang²,

Qian

et al. 2018

Chinese Phys. B

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In order to reduce the Schottky barrier height and sheet resistance between graphene (Gr) and the p-GaN layers in GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs), conductive transparent thin films with large work function are required to be inserted between Gr and p-GaN layers. In the present work, three kinds of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) zinc oxide (ZnO) films, Al-, Ga-, and In-doped ZnO (AZO, GZO, and IZO), are introduced as a bridge layer between Gr and p-GaN, respectively. The influence of different combinations of Gr/ZnO hybrid transparent conducting layers (TCLs) on the optical and thermal characteristics of the GaN-LED was investigated by the finite element method through COMSOL software. It is found that both the TCL transmittance and the surface temperature of the LED chip reduce with the increase in Gr and ZnO thickness. In order to get the transmittance of the Gr/ZnO hybrid TCL higher than 80%, the appropriate combination of Gr/ZnO compound electrode should be a single layer of Gr with ZnO no thicker than 400 nm (1L Gr/400-nm ZnO), 2L Gr/300-nm ZnO, 3L Gr/200-nm ZnO, or 4L Gr/100-nm ZnO. The LEDs with hybrid TCLs consisting of 1L Gr/300-nm AZO, 2L Gr/300-nm GZO, and 2L Gr/300-nm IZO have good performance, among which the one with 1L Gr/300-nm GZO has the best thermal property. Typically, the temperature of LEDs with 1L Gr/300-nm GZO hybrid TCLs will drop by about 7 K compared with that of the LEDs with a TCL without ZnO film.

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Effect of indium doping on the optical properties and laser damage resistance of ZnO thin films

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Mesomorphic Ceramic Film Fabricated via Blade Coating of a Lyotropic Nematic Liquid Crystal for High-Power Lasers

Mesomorphic Ceramic Film Fabricated via Blade Coating of a Lyotropic Nematic Liquid Crystal for High-Power Lasers

X-ray peak profile analysis of pure and Dy-doped α-MoO₃ nanobelts using Debye-Scherrer, Williamson-Hall and Halder-Wagner methods

Effect of graphene/ZnO hybrid transparent electrode on characteristics of GaN light-emitting diodes

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Effect of indium doping on the optical properties and laser damage resistance of ZnO thin films

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Mesomorphic Ceramic Film Fabricated via Blade Coating of a Lyotropic Nematic Liquid Crystal for High-Power Lasers

Mesomorphic Ceramic Film Fabricated via Blade Coating of a Lyotropic Nematic Liquid Crystal for High-Power Lasers

X-ray peak profile analysis of pure and Dy-doped α-MoO3 nanobelts using Debye-Scherrer, Williamson-Hall and Halder-Wagner methods

Effect of graphene/ZnO hybrid transparent electrode on characteristics of GaN light-emitting diodes

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X-ray peak profile analysis of pure and Dy-doped α-MoO₃ nanobelts using Debye-Scherrer, Williamson-Hall and Halder-Wagner methods