Effect of Industrial Pollution on the Spatial Variation of Surface Water Quality

Abstract

Surface water quality deterioration is the impact of anthropogenic activities at the study areas due to rapid industrialization. The study was done to know the spatial variation of the water quality of the Tunggak River and surrounding area because of industrial activities. <i>In-situ</i> parameters and <i>ex-situ</i> data of chemical, bio-chemical parameters and heavy metals were collected monthly to fulfill the objectives. The samples were collected from 10 selected stations and analyses were carried out using standard methods. Heavy metals were determined by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis. The results of the study revealed that industrial effluents were the major source of pollutants and caused of spatial variation among the stations. Less amount of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and higher concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), ammoniacal-nitrogen and heavy metals made the water un-usable except irrigation. Analyzed surface water was classified based on Department of Environment-Water Quality Index (DOE-WQI) Malaysia and found that the maximum stations except lower and uppermost were in class IV (highly polluted). Pollution rate was higher in the middle stations due to large number of industries were located in the middle and they discharged all their effluents in the river stream. Due to tidal interference in the lower stream and minimum industry in the upper stream pollution was less in those stations

Air Pollution and Climate Change in Lagos, Nigeria: Needs for Proactive Approaches to Risk Management and Adaptation

“…Flooding is the lead cause of water-related mortality and can result in vector associate problems such as the increase in mosquito populations, which translates into more mosquito-related diseases (Kazama, 2012). The effect of water pollution from the industries (Sujaul et al, 2013) and their health challeges are overwehelming. It is obvious that in Lagos, many cases of malaria are being witnessed due to the insurgence of water-borne disease from several occurrences of flooding.…”

“…It is obvious that increasing human activities, especially greenhouse gas emissions are posing great environmental challenges that have resulted in loss of lives and destruction of properties in the state (Olowoporoku et al, 2012). The effects of NOx on the level of ozone pollution and the subsequent respiratory problem among children and adults in Nigeria have been reported by (Raheem and Adekola, 2011).…”

Comparative Pollution Contribution of Three Point Sources of Pollution to Urban Drainage Stream Degradation, Uyo

“…Sajaul [1] stated that surface water quality deterioration is the impact of anthropogenic activities at the area of the stream. Buzzle.com [1,2] gave many causes of anthropogenic water pollution as organic, inorganic, municipal, industrial and agricultural causes.…”

“…Sajaul [1] stated that surface water quality deterioration is the impact of anthropogenic activities at the area of the stream. Buzzle.com [1,2] gave many causes of anthropogenic water pollution as organic, inorganic, municipal, industrial and agricultural causes. In the case of Uyo urban drainage stream, causes of water pollution include influent flows of municipal waste water (MWW), leachate effluent from municipal solid waste dumpsite (MSWL), nonpoint source (NPS) storm runoff (NPS-RO) and abattoir waste water (AWW) [3].…”

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“…The contamination level in surrounding Gebeng watershed has increased due to industrialization, and most of the wastewater released from the industries contains pollutants and dumped into the surface water [6], especially in the space of the Balok and Tunggak River [7]. Nowadays, continuous and regular monitoring programs have been used to understand the spatial and temporal variations in physio-chemical properties of water and to give the reliable information about surface water quality properties [8].…”