Effect of infill density, build direction and heat treatment on the tensile mechanical properties of 3D-printed carbon-fiber nylon composites

Ali, Zeeshan; Yan, Yuekai; Mei, Hui; Cheng, Laifei; Zhang, Litong

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.116370

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Matrix materials commonly used in 3D printing composite filaments include ABS, PLA, Nylon, and PETG. 17 Recently, PETG polymeric matrix has gained popularity in high-end applications due to its enhanced thermal stability, impact resistance, and high ductility. 18 To enhance the mechanical characteristics of the PETG matrix, synthetic-type reinforcements can be used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A topological approach for optimizing the dimensional properties of various bioinspired periodic type honeycomb latticed carbon fiber reinforced glycol‐modified poly (ethylene terephthalate) composite materials

Mathiazhagan,

Sivakumar,

Palaniyappan

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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The present research efforts are directed toward investigating dimensional stability, focusing on bio‐inspired periodic honeycomb lattice structures within carbon fiber reinforced glycol‐modified poly ethylene terephthalate (PETG) composites. These samples are fabricated using extrusion‐based 3D printing, with topological parameters such as shell thickness (ST), unit cell type (UCT), wall thickness (WT), unit cell orientation (UCO), skewing angle (SA), and unit cell size (UCS) being manipulated across three different levels. The experimental findings indicate that achieving the lowest dimensional length error is attainable under specific conditions, including a smaller ST of 0.5 mm, a square UCT, a WT of 0.5 mm, a UCO of 90°, a SA of 0°, and a UCS of 4 mm. Analyzing the results with ANOVA reveals that UCT (28.82%) and WT (18.73%) exert the most significant influence on the dimensional stability response. The regression model closely aligns with experimental outcomes, with an error percentage of 3%, rendering it suitable for large‐scale customization. Under the optimized topological parameters, carbon fiber‐reinforced PETG latticed composites exhibited a dimensional length error of 0.292 mm and a compressive strength of 21.56 MPa. Fractography analysis revealed a brittle mode of fracture across all samples, indicating their stiffness and strength, especially when compared to samples with lower wall thickness. These findings suggest that the designed carbon fiber‐reinforced PETG latticed composite material holds potential for use in minor surgical orthotic and prosthetic applications.Highlights Bio‐inspired periodic honeycomb lattice structured PETG composites. Topological optimization on the dimensional properties. Taguchi optimization is performed on design‐based lattice structures. Unit cell type has highest contribution of 28.82% on dimensional properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A topological approach for optimizing the dimensional properties of various bioinspired periodic type honeycomb latticed carbon fiber reinforced glycol‐modified poly (ethylene terephthalate) composite materials

Mathiazhagan,

Sivakumar,

Palaniyappan

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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“…Tensile tests properties are evaluated for different infill pattern of triangular, rectangular and honeycomb for 3D-printed carbon-fiber nylon composites. The triangular infill pattern exhibits higher tensile strength than the rectangular and hexagonal pattern [24]. Apart from the mechanical part design, civil structure also adopted the additive manufacturing method for reducing time and cost of manufacturing process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and analysis of polymer-based wave spring response with different infill density

Gouda

2023

Preprint

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The development of wave spring has enhanced performance characteristics like load bearing capability, stiffness, energy absorption and energy release technique in a constrained space. The wave springs can be developed by considering the number of turns, waves, thickness, which can be easily adjusted to accommodate stronger force and to meet specific technical requirements as per the area of applications. Wave springs are complex in design and can be fabricated by additive manufacturing technique. Advanced manufacturing methods provides full design freedom to develop the wave spring of various geometry. Present work is focused to evaluate the Polypropylene wave spring stiffness and its load bearing capacity, which may be helpful in the application of smooth landing of drones and robotic structures, mechanical pressure valves and washers. Limited study of the polymer-based wave spring properties and its material behavior has been studied. The contemporary work establishes the computational and experimental analysis of crest-to-crest wave springs which are designed with honeycomb infill pattern with infill density of 100%, 90% and 80%. Maximum load bearing capacity and stiffness of the different designed wave springs are obtained through universal testing machine. From the experimental results the average load bearing capacity of PP 100%, PP 90% and PP 80% at 75% of compressible distance of crest-to-crest wave spring from cycle 1 to 10. The results of the 1st cycle load bearing capacity are 234.075 N, 181.31 N and 178.58N respectively.

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“…The widely employed matrix materials in the 3D printing composite filaments are ABS, PLA, Nylon, polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG). 16 In recent days, the PETG polymeric matrix has attracted higher-end applications due to its significant characteristics like enhanced thermal stability, impact resistance, and highly ductile. 17 And since it's a glycolyzed-copolymer, the PETG polymeric material has significant properties of both monomers (PET and glycol).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, the matrix selection plays a decisive part in the development of superior physical and mechanical characteristics. The widely employed matrix materials in the 3D printing composite filaments are ABS, PLA, Nylon, polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) 16 . In recent days, the PETG polymeric matrix has attracted higher‐end applications due to its significant characteristics like enhanced thermal stability, impact resistance, and highly ductile 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological design factor optimization in the development of periodic‐type honeycomb lattice structure on the carbon fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate glycol composite

Palaniyappan,

Sivakumar,

Sikder

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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In most of the automobile and aerospace materials, cellular structures are extensively used due to their lightweight and high energy absorption capabilities. Naturally available animal bones and plant stems are light in weight due to their natural cellular structures. This may inspire various researchers for integrating the various lattice structures such as beam, planar, triply periodic minimal surfaces, and voronoi structures on the various structural materials. The development of lattice structures using 3D printing technology has opened up major attention towards fabricating lightweight components without any complications. In this study, the detailed crashworthiness responses such as compressive strength was optimized in terms of varying the topology‐related factors on the carbon fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate glycol (CF/PETG) composite. The experimentation was conducted concerning variable topology factors such as shell thickness, unit cell type, wall thickness (WT), unit cell orientation (UCO), skewing angle, and unit cell size. The model was examined and optimized by means of the Taguchi optimization technique. The crashworthiness response was analyzed using the compression test and moreover, this experimental response is used for the optimization processes. From the observation, the topology factors which contributed more for the higher compressive strength will be UCO of 65.47% and WT of 15.20%. Results of the regression study show that the R square value with concern to the compressive strength will be 92.74%. The optimized design parametric condition for CF/PETG composite established a higher compressive strength of 41.179 MPa, From the overall results, it is clear that the variation in the topology factors has developed a huge and favorable impact on the mechanical characteristics of the lattice‐structured CF/PETG polymer composite.Highlights Hexagonal Lattice structure incorporation on the carbon fiber reinforced PETG composite. Design optimization on the compressive properties. Taguchi optimization is performed on design‐based lattice structures. Unit cell orientation has higher percentage contribution on compressive strength.

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Effect of infill density, build direction and heat treatment on the tensile mechanical properties of 3D-printed carbon-fiber nylon composites

Cited by 36 publications

References 37 publications

A topological approach for optimizing the dimensional properties of various bioinspired periodic type honeycomb latticed carbon fiber reinforced glycol‐modified poly (ethylene terephthalate) composite materials

A topological approach for optimizing the dimensional properties of various bioinspired periodic type honeycomb latticed carbon fiber reinforced glycol‐modified poly (ethylene terephthalate) composite materials

Development and analysis of polymer-based wave spring response with different infill density

Topological design factor optimization in the development of periodic‐type honeycomb lattice structure on the carbon fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate glycol composite

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