Effect of Inhibition of Macromolecule Synthesis on the Association of Bacteriophage T4 DNA with Membrane

Earhart, Charles F.; Sauri, C. J.; Fletcher, Gail; Wulff, Judith L

doi:10.1128/jvi.11.4.527-534.1973

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, if the controlled, sequential synthesis of enzymes observed in vivo could be demonstrated in vitro by use of antibiotics such as rifampin or chloramphenicol, an approach might be possible to providing substantial information about the meaning of polarity in gene transcription. We have particularly in mind the formation of transcription complexes (1,3,23) and the relationship of transcription to the association of T4 DNA with bacterial membranes (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Regulation of T4 Bacteriophage-Specific Enzymes Synthesized In Vitro

Cohen

Natale

Buchanan

1974

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In contrast to dihydrofolate reductase and four other phage-specific enzymes, the initiation of deoxynucleotide kinase is essentially prevented if rifampin is added to a culture of Escherichia coli B cells within 1.5 min after infection with T4. Deoxynucleotide kinase thus belongs to a group of so-called delayed-early enzymes that is not initiated from an immediate-early promoter site. We prepared crude extracts from infected cells in a manner designed to maintain the integrity of the complexes of native, endogenous T4 DNA with bacterial structural and enzymatic units concerned with RNA synthesis. The initiation of the synthesis of the mRNA for dihydrofolate reductase, an example of an immediate-early enzyme, and deoxynucleotide kinase, a special type of delayedearly enzyme, was studied with these extracts prepared from cells infected in the absence or presence of chloramphenicol. Initiation of transcription of the dihydrofolate reductase gene is immediate when programmed by extracts made either from cells treated with chloramphenicol prior to infection (CM extracts) or from cells 3 min into the normal infection cycle (3-min extracts). However, initiation of transcription of the deoxynucleotide kinase gene programmed by CM extracts is delayed 2 min relative to the immediate initiation of transcription of the deoxynucleotide kinase gene programmed by 3-min extracts. These experiments duplicated in vitro effects of the antibiotics on the synthesis of phage-specific mRNA previously noted only in vivo.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Regulation of T4 Bacteriophage-Specific Enzymes Synthesized In Vitro

Cohen

Natale

Buchanan

1974

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Control of the phage DNA replication requires that the nucleoid attaches to the cell membrane [13,25,28]. Through the interaction with RNA polymerase, rifampicin has been demonstrated to influence the structure of the bacterial nucleoid [4, 14,32]. Doworsky and Schaechter [12] have shown that binding of rifampicin to bacterial RNA polymerase can reduce the attachments of nucleoid to cell membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rifampicin: an inhibitor of Xpl2-specific protein phosphorylation in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Cheng

Yang

et al. 1996

FEMS Microbiology Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phosphorylation of the three Xp12-specific phosphoproteins was drastically reduced by rifampicin, an antibiotic that specifically inhibits the host-cell RNA polymerase. However, this inhibitory effect could not be found in spontaneous mutants of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae whose RNA polymerase are resistant to the drug. The inhibitory effect of rifampicin treatment also resulted suppression of the Xp12 multiplication cycle. This implies the physiological significance of this effect and supports our previous prediction that phosphorylation plays an important role in the life cycle of Xp12. The acid- and alkali-labile character of the Xp12-specific phosphoproteins and the chemical stability of the phosphoryl linkages show that the corresponding protein kinase catalyzes the formation of an acyl phosphorylation. Subsequent fractionation of cell lysate revealed that the phosphoproteins were located in the periplasm. Actinomycin D, which affects transcription through DNA condensation rather than its binding to RNA polymerase, was not able to cause the inhibition effect. On the other hand, cerulenin was found to reduce the acyl phosphorylation which hints at a possible role of cell membrane in the phosphorylation. Here we present the evidence for the functional involvement of the rifampicin treatment on protein phosphorylation. A possible mechanism of rifampicin on the alternation of acyl phosphorylation is proposed.

show abstract

“…However, using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis techniques, Horvitz (28) failed to detect any early protein whose synthesis was controlled by the injected protein. (ii) Parental T4 DNA rapidly attaches to the plasma membrane, and this attachment is not contingent upon prior synthesis of phagecoded proteins (22). Associations between parental phage DNA and the plasma membrane have been implicated in transcriptional control (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Associations between parental phage DNA and the plasma membrane have been implicated in transcriptional control (17). Mathews (38) has shown that DHFR is overproduced in cells infected with UV-irradiated T2 phage, and UV-induced damage is known to inhibit normal attachment of parental phage DNA to the cellular membrane (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of synthesis of mRNA's for T4 bacteriophage-specific dihydrofolate reductase and deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase

Witmer¹,

Baros²,

Ende³

et al. 1976

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 300C, functional messengers for dCMP hydroxymethylase first appeared 3 to 6 min postinfection and reached their maximum levels at 12 min. Chloramphenicol, added before the phage, reduced the rate of mRNA accumulation. When the antibiotic was added 6 min postinfection, mRNA levels increased at their normal rate but there was no obvious repression of messenger accumulation. Delaying the addition of drug until 8 or 12 min had progressively less effect on the pattern of hydroxymethylase mRNA metabolism. When chloramphenicol was present from preinfection times or from 6 min postinfection, all hydroxymethylase mRNA's synthesized were stable; at later times, however, the ability of the drug to stabilize mRNA decreased with its ability to delay the turnoff of mRNA production. An overaccumulation of hydroxymethylase mRNA was also seen when phage-specific DNA synthesis was inhibited either by mutational lesion in an essential viral gene or by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. By min 20 of a DNA-negative program, hydroxymethylase mRNA synthesis was repressed to the point where it no longer compensated for decay. However, a finite level of hydroxymethylase mRNA synthesis was maintained at later times of a DNA-negative infection. Such results indicate that replication of the phage chromosome is necessary but not sufficient for a complete turnoff of hydroxymethylase mRNA production. Functions controlled by the maturation-defective proteins (the products of genes 55 and 33) played only a minor role in the regulation of hydroxymethylase mRNA metabolism. Thus, we favor the hypothesis that a complete turnoff of hydroxymethylase messenger production requires one or more new proteins as well as an interval of DNA replication. The absence of DNA synthesis had no particular effect upon dihydrofolate reductase messenger production. The preinfection addition of chloramphenicol likewise had little effect on dihydrofolate reductase messenger metabolism. These latter data imply that prior synthesis of a phage-coded protein synthesis may not be required for the turnoff of reductase messenger production.

show abstract

Effect of Inhibition of Macromolecule Synthesis on the Association of Bacteriophage T4 DNA with Membrane

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Transcriptional Regulation of T4 Bacteriophage-Specific Enzymes Synthesized In Vitro

Transcriptional Regulation of T4 Bacteriophage-Specific Enzymes Synthesized In Vitro

Rifampicin: an inhibitor of Xpl2-specific protein phosphorylation in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Control of synthesis of mRNA's for T4 bacteriophage-specific dihydrofolate reductase and deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About