Effect of injection timing on the exhaust emissions of a diesel engine using diesel–methanol blends

Sayın, Cenk; İlhan, Murat; Çanakçı, Mustafa; Gümüş, Metin

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2008.10.010

Cited by 278 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The scatter in the data for the methanol concentration below 700 K indicates that the liquid fuel feeding is not completely stable over time. However, the fluctuations are mostly within 10% of the nominal inlet concentration for CH 3 OH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…For CH 3 O we used the empirical electronic partition function based on splitting of the 2 E ground electronic state into 2 E 3/2 and 2 E 1/2 components, and a rotational symmetry number based on the average C 3V symmetry, although a Jahn-Teller-distorted C s symmetry was used for the energy calculations. We found this model reproduced the tabulated thermochemistry [31] reasonably well: the error in entropy is -0.7 J K -1 mol -1 at 298 K increasing to -4.1 J K -1 mol -1 at 1200 K, while the error in H(T)-H(0 K) varies from 0.2 to 2.5 kJ mol -1 over this range of temperature.…”

Section: Ab Initio Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its range of production sources and its chemical structure, with a high oxygen content and no C-C bonds, causes methanol to be one of the most important oxygenated additives. For these reasons, a number of studies have addressed the use of methanol-diesel blends in diesel engines [2][3][4][5]. Most of the authors conclude that the addition of methanol reduces the emissions of particulates and NO x , even though some reported results seem contradictory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of Methanol Ignition and Oxidation at High Pressure

Aranda

Christensen

Alzueta

et al. 2013

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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A detailed chemical kinetic model for oxidation of CH 3 OH at high pressure and intermediate temperatures has been developed and validated experimentally. Ab initio calculations and RRKM analysis were used to obtain rate coefficients for key reactions of CH 2 OH and CH 3 O (dissociation, isomerization, reaction with O 2 ). The experiments, involving CH 3 OH/O 2 mixtures diluted in N 2 , were carried out in a high pressure flow reactor at 600-900 K and 20-100 bar, varying the reaction stoichiometry from very lean to fuel-rich conditions. Under the conditions studied, the onset temperature for methanol oxidation was not dependent on the stoichiometry, while increasing pressure shifted the ignition temperature towards lower values. Model predictions of the present experimental results, as well as Rapid Compression Machine (RCM) data from the literature, were generally satisfactory. The governing reaction pathways have been outlined based on calculations with the kinetic model. Unlike what has been observed for unsaturated hydrocarbons, the oxidation 2 pathways for CH 3 OH under the investigated conditions were very similar to those prevailing at higher temperatures and lower pressures. At the high pressures, the modeling predictions for onset of reaction were particularly sensitive to the CH 3 OH+HO 2 ⇌CH 2 OH+H 2 O 2 reaction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Ab Initio Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of Methanol Ignition and Oxidation at High Pressure

Aranda

Christensen

Alzueta

et al. 2013

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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“…This could be due to better combustion on account of more time available for the oxidation process. Smoke emissions of both fuels are increased when the injection timing is retarded due to sluggish and diffusion combustion phase caused by reduced rate fuel-air mixing due to later injection (Sayin et al 2009). Formation of smoke is basically a process of conversion of molecules of hydrocarbon fuels into soot particles.…”

Section: Smoke Opacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine fuelled with Uppage Oil Methyl Ester (UOME)

Basavarajappa¹,

Banapurmath²,

Khandal

et al. 2015

Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.

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For economic and social development of any country energy is one of the most essential requirements. Continuously increasing price of crude petroleum fuels in the present days coupled with alarming emissions and stringent emission regulations has led to growing attention towards use of alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic and gaseous fuels for diesel engine applications. Use of such fuels can ease the burden on the economy by curtailing the fuel imports. Diesel engines are highly efficient and the main problems associated with them is their high smoke and NOx emissions. Hence there is an urgent need to promote the use of alternative fuels in place of high speed diesel (HSD) as substitute. India has a large agriculture base that can be used as a feed stock to obtain newer fuel which is renewable and sustainable. Accordingly Uppage oil methyl ester (UOME) biodiesel was selected as an alternative fuel. Use of biodiesels in diesel engines fitted with mechanical fuel injection systems has limitation on the injector opening pressure (300 bar). CRDI system can overcome this drawback by injecting fuel at very high pressures (1500-2500 bar) and is most suitable for biodiesel fuels which are high viscous. This paper presents the performance and emission characteristics of a CRDI diesel engine fuelled with UOME biodiesel at different injection timings and injection pressures. From the experimental evidence it was revealed that UOME biodiesel yielded overall better performance with reduced emissions at retarded injection timing of -10° BTDC in CRDI mode of engine operation.

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“…In addition, since EGR is often scaled in proportion to engine load, the recirculation is completely disabled during idle conditions. Also, retardation of fuel injection reduces the combustion temperature and thereby increasing the amount of unburnt carbon (Sayin et al, 2009). This unburnt carbon could later be a precursor or the carbon matrix for POPs to form either heterogeneously or homogenously depending on the compositions of the unburnt products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Selective Catalytic Reduction on the Emissions of Persistent Organic Pollutants from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

Cheruiyot

Wang

Lin

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The emissions of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from diesel engines is becoming more important due to their proximity to human beings compared to stationary sources whose emission have been well controlled over the years. The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) have been adopted in the heavy-duty diesel engine (HDDE) to reduce the nitrogen oxide (NO x ). SCR has also been reported to reduce the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). However, the memory effect and reformation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) during SCR operation are not well understood. This study investigated the effect of Copper-zeolite SCR (CuZ SCR) on PCDD/F, PCB, polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PBDD/F), and polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) emissions from a HDDE at 50% and 75% engine load. Notably, PCDD/F and PCB toxicity emissions increased by 78.4% and 201%, respectively. The dominant PCDD/F congeners were OCDD, OCDF, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF and PCB-105, PCB-118 and PCB-77 for PCBs. More PCDFs were formed compared to PCDDs and lower chlorinated congeners increased more than the higher chlorinated ones. There was also an increase of PBDD/F concentrations from undetectable levels (ND) to 0.247 pg TEQ Nm -3 (4.00 pg TEQ L -1 ) after the SCR. However, only 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpBDF and OBDF contributed to the concentrations. PBBs was the only compound measured that reduced after the SCR. The only congener detected before and after the SCR was PBB 15. Consequently, the CuZ SCR could be a source of POPs under mid and high engine loads in this study. Further detail research is required to focus on the formation of POPs on the catalyst surfaces and structures.

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Effect of injection timing on the exhaust emissions of a diesel engine using diesel–methanol blends

Cited by 278 publications

References 25 publications

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of Methanol Ignition and Oxidation at High Pressure

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of Methanol Ignition and Oxidation at High Pressure

Performance evaluation of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine fuelled with Uppage Oil Methyl Ester (UOME)

Effects of Selective Catalytic Reduction on the Emissions of Persistent Organic Pollutants from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

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