Effect of insulin in conjunction with glucose, amino acids and potassium on net metabolism of glucose and amino acids in the goat mammary gland

Tesseraud, Sophie; Grizard, Jean; Makarski, B.; Debras, Élisabeth; Bayle, Gérard; Champredon, C.

doi:10.1017/s0022029900030387

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with results of a glucose clamp study in goats in which insulin did not alter the arteriovenous difference in glucose concentration (Tesseraud et al 1992). Because the lactating mammary gland appears to possess only one type of glucose transporter, the insulin-insensitive GLUT I (Burnol et al 1990;Madon et al 1990), the observation is not unex¬ pected.…”

Section: The Effect Of Insulin On Milk Secretionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The power of the technique is that it allows uncoupling of the plasma levels of glucose and insulin. The method has been used in pregnant and lactating rats (Leturque et al 1984;Girard et al 1987) and goats (Tesseraud et al 1992) and in pregnant women (Ryan et al 1985) to demonstrate effects of reproductive state on glucose homeostasis. It has not been used in lactating women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of fasting, elevated plasma glucose and plasma insulin concentrations on milk secretion in women

Neville¹,

Sawicki²,

Hay³

1993

Journal of Endocrinology

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In order to determine whether short term variations in plasma glucose and/or insulin influence milk lactose secretion in women, the effects of fasting and increased blood insulin and glucose on milk volume and composition were studied with glucose clamp methodology in exclusively and partially breast-feeding women. Twenty hours of fasting had no discernable effect on the output of milk or its macronutrient composition. Four hours of increased plasma insulin, studied under conditions where plasma glucose was maintained at the fasting level, had no effect on milk volume, milk glucose concentration, total fat content or lactose secretion rate. Increased plasma glucose, maintained at twice fasting levels for 4 to 6 h, produced a threefold increase in milk glucose concentration but had no significant effect on the rate of lactose synthesis. In partially breast-feeding women producing no more than 200 ml milk per day, a similar degree of hyperglycaemia increased milk glucose more than fourfold but did not significantly increase the milk secretion rate. It is concluded that human milk production is isolated from the homeostatic mechanisms that regulate glucose metabolism in the rest of the body, in part because the lactose synthetase system has a Km for glucose lower than the concentration available in the Golgi compartment.

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Section: The Effect Of Insulin On Milk Secretionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fasting, elevated plasma glucose and plasma insulin concentrations on milk secretion in women

Neville¹,

Sawicki²,

Hay³

1993

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Nevertheless, models with an extraction dependent on the level of milk production and with lower and upper limits might be more physiological, even if our data did not allow discrimination in favour of such a model. A similar upper limit for the amino acid extraction ratio has been observed in goats with artificial hyperaminoacidemia, which induced a decrease in these ratios (Tesseraud et al, 1992). It Correlations between essential amino acid extraction ratios appeared in the first plan of the principal component analysis (fig 11a).…”

Section: Comparison Between Different Tissuessupporting

confidence: 69%

Quantitative aspects of blood and amino acid flows in cattle

Lescoat

Sauvant²,

Danfær³

1996

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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Summary -A quantitative literature review was undertaken on the amino acid fluxes in ruminants and the factors which influence them. Two aspects were considered: blood flow and amino acid uptake by tissues. The statistical relationships indicated that blood flow was influenced by feed intake, metabolizable energy and milk production. The rates of amino acid uptake and release by tissues and organs varied greatly between compartments and between amino acids. The net rates of appearance were the result of a combination of inter-and intratissue phenomena. Simulated balances between supply and requirements revealed the limiting role of certain amino acids, depending on milk production level and growth rate. In conclusion, this approach underlined the technical difficulties involved in obtaining this type of data, and also revealed a lack of data in certains areas. Nevertheless, the observations in this review supported the implementation of the feed units used at the present time, notably for the addition of amino acids.

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“…The hormone concentrations were determined according to preliminary dose−response experiments in our lab and in the literature. [1][2][3][4][5]11 Samples were obtained and analyzed for three biological replicates (n = 3 for every replicate), unless otherwise stated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elongation and Desaturation Pathways in Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells Are Associated with Modulation of Fat and Membrane Composition

Mida

Shamay

Argov-Argaman

2012

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The aim was to determine the relative role of each of the lactogenic hormones (insulin, prolactin and hydrocortisol) and their combinations in regulating elongation and desaturation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and subsequently on composition of cellular lipid compartments in mammary epithelia. Cultured cells of the mammary gland epithelial cell line HC11 were subjected to 48 h of hormonal treatment with different combinations of insulin, hydrocortisone and prolactin. Only the combination of all three hormones induced differentiation according to the marker β-casein gene expression. Inclusion of insulin in the treatment medium increased total fatty acid amount by 50% and increased the concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids by 12% while decreasing that of saturated fatty acids by 35%. Changes in the levels of fatty acids by chain length and saturation paralleled mRNA expression of the desaturases and elongases, whose expression levels were regulated again by inclusion of all three hormones in the treatment medium. Gene expression levels of the Δ6 desaturase and elongase 5 genes (Elovl 5) increased by approximately 1.5-fold, whereas expression of Elovl 4 decreased in the presence of all three hormones. Insulin was the main hormone inducing compositional differences in membrane lipids, increasing phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol and decreasing sphingomyelin and cholesterol. The results indicate that mammary gland epithelial cells express five out of the seven known elongase subtypes which are regulated primarily by the processes of differentiation and produce major compositional changes in mammary gland epithelial cells.

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Effect of insulin in conjunction with glucose, amino acids and potassium on net metabolism of glucose and amino acids in the goat mammary gland

Cited by 31 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of fasting, elevated plasma glucose and plasma insulin concentrations on milk secretion in women

Effects of fasting, elevated plasma glucose and plasma insulin concentrations on milk secretion in women

Quantitative aspects of blood and amino acid flows in cattle

Elongation and Desaturation Pathways in Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells Are Associated with Modulation of Fat and Membrane Composition

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