Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34)

Turner, R. C.; Holman, Rury R.; Stratton, I M; Cull, C A; Matthews,; Manley, S E; Frighi, V; Wright, D.E.; Neil, Andrew; Kohner, Eva M.; McElroy, H; Fox, Charles; Hadden, D. R.; Ukpds., Grp

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)07037-8

Cited by 6,846 publications

(405 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These results are compatible with previously reported data that revealed such effect for metformin as antidiabetic agent for decreasing of blood glucose level and increasing the insulin sensitivity without increasing of insulin secretion [19] with decreasing the markers of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and BMI [4]. The present study showed that increasing the initial dose of metformin did not reflect a significant variation in the level of glycemic control in the three patients groups, and such finding was supported by the poor correlation coefficient reported between serum metformin levels and the indicators of glycemic control, although these parameters are significantly improved in all groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Dose-dependent relationship between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Kadhim¹,

Ismael²,

Khalaf³

et al. 2012

JDM

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Despite the extensive clinical experience with the use of metformin worldwide, no formal doseranging study has been conducted because the current dosing strategy of metformin was determined empirically, rather than by an understanding of its dose-response relationship in patients with type 2 diabetes. The present study was designed to evaluate the correlation between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Sixty type 2 diabetic females were recruited for the study and were allocated into 3 groups; each receiving metformin 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/day respectively for 3 months. Blood samples withdrawn from each patient at zero time and after 3 months is used to evaluate serum levels of HbA1c, glucose, leptin and insulin, in addition, the measurement of serum level of metformin in blood after 3 months by HPLC. The results demonstrated that all the treated groups with different doses of metformin showed significant improve in all parameters; the use of increased metformin doses was only correlated with plasma leptin levels in the highest dose. In conclusion, serum metformin levels are not good predictors for correlating improvement in clinical and biochemical parameters with increasing the dose in newly diagnosed non-insulin resistant females with type 2 diabetes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Dose-dependent relationship between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Kadhim¹,

Ismael²,

Khalaf³

et al. 2012

JDM

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“…Z drugiej zaś w badaniach, na przykład United Kingdom Prevention Diabetes Study (UKPDS) wykazano, że ścisła kontrola cukrzycy przynosi spadek ryzyka powikłań mikronaczyniowych, zawałów serca o 18%, a liczby zgonów niezależnie od ich przyczyny o 17% [7,8]. Leczenie cukrzycy typu 2 polega przede wszystkim na zmianie stylu życia, to jest utrzymywaniu odpowiedniej diety, zwiększeniu aktywności fizycznej i redukcji masy ciała.…”

Section: Wstępunclassified

“…As diabetes is strongly associated with an increase in microvascular and macrovascular abnormalities, the mortality related to cardiovascular diseases and stroke in diabetics is 2-4-times greater in comparison with healthy subjects [6]. On the other hand, it was previously demonstrated in the United Kingdom Prevention Diabetes Study (UKPDS) that strict glucose control causes a reduction in microvascular disease, an 18% reduction in myocardial infarction, and a 17% reduction in all causes of mortality [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulacja kurczliwości żołądka — nowa metoda leczenia cukrzycy typu 2 u osób z otyłością

Kozakowski

Zgliczyński

Tarnowski

2017

Endokrynologia Polska

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Because the majority of antidiabetic medications are of limited efficacy and patient compliance with treatment is usually poor, new therapies are still being searched for. In the review a newly developed system for treatment of subjects with type 2 diabetes and concomitant overweight/obesity is described. The system consists of an implantable pulse generator that delivers electrical stimuli through leads implanted in the sero-muscular layer of the stomach. The device recognises and automatically modulates natural electrical activity of the stomach during meals, strengthening gastric contractility. This increase in the force of contractions enhances vagal afferent activity. Modulated signals are transmitted to the regulatory centres in the brain in order to provoke an early response of the gut typical of a full meal. Clinical trials performed to date show that the system improves glycaemic control with minimal patient compliance needed and with added benefits of body weight loss, a decrease in blood pressure, and favourable changes in the lipid profile. The system is safe, well-tolerated, with a low risk of hypoglycaemia, and will probably become an alternative to the use of incretins or to bariatric surgery in obese patients who are unwilling to undergo a major and anatomically irreversible operation. (Endokrynol Pol 2017; 68 (5): 579-584)

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“…Although clinical trials have shown that good glycaemic control can reduce the development of DR [167,168], studies reveal that vision threatening retinopathy usually occurs as a result of neovascularisation in type 1 and maculopathy in type 2 patients [169,170]. Retinal complications arise from neurological abnormalities, metabolic imbalance and microvascular dysfunction reflecting endothelial cell dysfunction, vessel leakage and occlusions.…”

Section: Diabetic Retinopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes mellitus and apoptosis: inflammatory cells

et al. 2009

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Since the early observation that similarities between thyroiditis and insulitis existed, the important role played by inflammation in the development of diabetes has been appreciated. More recently, experiments have shown that inflammation also plays a prominent role in the development of target organ damage arising as complications, with both elements of the innate and the adaptive immune system being involved, and that cytokines contributing to local tissue damage may arise from both infiltrating and resident cells. This review will discuss the experimental evidence that shows that inflammatory cellmediated apoptosis contributes to target organ damage, from beta cell destruction to both micro-and macro-vascular disease complications, and also how alterations in leukocyte turnover affects immune function.

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Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34)

Cited by 6,846 publications

References 13 publications

Dose-dependent relationship between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Dose-dependent relationship between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Modulacja kurczliwości żołądka — nowa metoda leczenia cukrzycy typu 2 u osób z otyłością

Diabetes mellitus and apoptosis: inflammatory cells

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