Effect of Intercropping on Nitrogen Fixation of Three Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) Genotypes in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Ghana

Konlan, S.; Sarkodie-Addo, J.; Kombiok, M.J.; Asare, E.; Bawah, I.

doi:10.9734/ijpss/2015/11150

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Moreover, Donald [19] found that as the number of plants per unit area increased competition for growth resources such as nutrients, water and light also increased. Similar results were reported by others researches [20,21,22,23].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Effects of Plant Density and Planting Pattern on Growth and Seed Yield of Groundnuts [Arachis hypogaea (l.)] in the Wet Middleveld of Eswatini

Magagula

Mabuza

Zubuko

2020

APRJ

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The most appropriate plant density and planting pattern to use for optimum growth and yield of groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eswatini among those currently used is not known, as the patterns are highly influenced by environmental conditions in specific regions. A field trial was conducted with the objective of determining the optimum plant density and planting pattern for groundnut in the Wet Middleveld of Eswatini. The experiment was conducted at the University of Eswatini, Luyengo Campus during the 2018/2019 cropping. The treatments consisted of three planting densities (i.e. 88,889 plants/ha, 44,444 plants/ha, and 29,630 plants/ha) and two planting patterns (i.e. Ridges and Raisedbeds) in a split plot arrangement. Results showed that all the measured parameters including seed yield were not significantly different in all treatments. However, the highest seed yield was obtained at low plant density which was 71.4 kg/ha followed by 568 kg/ha at medium and the least was 434 kg/ha at high plant density. The high plant density (88889 plants/ha) obtained the highest value of dry biomass (13018 kg/ha) at ridges which was higher than 3859 kg/ha obtained at the low plant density (29630 plants/ha) at raised beds at R6 growth stage. The ridges at the intermediate plant density (44444 plants per hectare) obtained the highest shelling percentage of 59.67% while the lowest (56%) shelling percentage was obtained at raised beds at 88889 plants per hectare. It is concluded that groundnuts at raised beds with low plant density yielded higher than those at ridges with high plant density. It is therefore, recommended that groundnuts be planted at raised beds with low plant density to increase groundnut production and for ease of harvesting.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…might be due to the competition for light, water rements among the ] and Konlan, et al [23] reported that 100 seed weight decreased with…”

Section: Mass Of Unshelled Pods Per Plot Of Groundnuts In Response Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Plant Density and Planting Pattern on Growth and Seed Yield of Groundnuts [Arachis hypogaea (l.)] in the Wet Middleveld of Eswatini

Magagula

Mabuza

Zubuko

2020

APRJ

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“…However, Papastylianou (1995) showed that peanut yield was unaffected by further increasing plant density per unit area. Conversely, several researchers have reported that peanut pod yield was higher in high plant density than grown in low plant density (Lanier et al, 2004;Sorensen et al, 2005;Ahmad et al, 2007;Rasekh et al, 2010 andKonlan et al, 2013). The present study was therefore conducted to increase pods and oil yields, as well as, net return.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study the Effect of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Plant Densities on the Productivity and Profitability of Peanut in Sandy Soil

2017

AJAS

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Two field experiments were carried out at Ismailia Agricultural Experiments and Research Station, A.R.C., El-Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during growing seasons 2015 and 2016, respectively. In both seasons, the experiment was conducted using the split plot design in randomized complete block design with three replicates to study the effect of P fertilizer and plant density on pods and oil yields, as well as, net return. Three phosphorus (P) fertilizer rates (30, 45 and 60 kg P 2 O 5 per fed) and three peanut plant densities (70, 105 and 140 thousand plants per fed) were tested. A split plot design replicated thrice was used. The results showed that increasing rate of P fertilizer from 30 up to 60 kg P 2 O 5 per feddan increased significantly all the studied peanut traits except seed oil content. Decreasing peanut plant density from 140 to 70 thousand plants per feddan increased significantly numbers and weights of pods and seeds per plant, shelling and seed oil content mean, while the reverse was true for plant height in the two successive seasons. Peanut plant density of 105 thousand plants per feddan achieved the highest pods and oil yields per feddan compared with the other plant densities. Interaction between 60 kg P 2 O 5 per feddan and 105 thousand plants per feddan increased significantly the most studied traits of peanut. Application of 60 kg P 2 O 5 /fed combined with 105 thousand plants per feddan achieved high pods, oil yields and net return.

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“…This was a result of the larger shoot dry matter yields and the corresponding greater shoot N accumulated by sole crops (Table 2.3), as the amount of N2-fixed greatly depends on shoot dry matter yield (Giller, 2001) and the accumulated shoot N (Peoples et al, 2009). Also, Konlan et al (2015) reported a greater N2-fixation in sole groundnut than in groundnut intercropped with maize in the Guinea savanna of northern Ghana. Yet when the shoot dry matter yields were poor, such as in the SGS where cowpea yields were relatively smaller and groundnut which had poorer yields at both sites, the amount of N2-fixed was similar between sole crops and intercrops.…”

Section: Cropping System Soil Fertility and Shoot Dry Matter Yield Amentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Only few studies (e.g. Eaglesham et al, 1981;Konlan et al, 2015) assessed the effect of maize-grain legume intercropping on N2-fixation. Even so, the net N contributions to the soil from the intercrop systems were not measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable intensification and diversification options with grain legumes for smallholder farming systems in the Guinea savanna of Ghana

Kermah

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at 4 p.m. in the Aula. iv Michael Kermah (2020) Sustainable intensification and diversification options with grain legumes for smallholder farming systems in the Guinea savanna of Ghana. 157 pages. PhD Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2020). With references and summary in English ISBN: 978-94-6395-228-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18174/507853v To my late beloved big sister, Janet Ebah Kermah, your toil to ensure the family succeeds will never be in vain, you will forever live in my heart, our hearts. vi vii AbstractFood security is a critical issue in the Guinea savanna of Ghana where about 60% of the rural population, mostly smallholder farmers are food insecure. Food insecurity results from poor crop yields due to low soil fertility compounded by erratic unimodal rainfall and the inability of households to purchase required supplemental food. Rapid population growth means that the numbers of food insecure people are likely to increase, necessitating sustainable intensification and diversification to increase crop production per unit area of land. This thesis focused on testing spatial and temporal intensification and diversification options suitable for the variable biophysical and socio-economic conditions of smallholder farming systems in the Guinea savanna to increase productivity, mitigate the risk of crop failure, and thus to increase food selfsufficiency. One site in the southern Guinea savanna and one in the northern Guinea savanna were selected which differed in biophysical and socio-economic resources. In each site, field experiments were conducted on three fields differing in soil fertility (fertile, medium fertile, poorly fertile) to quantify: N2-fixation and N contribution to soil fertility by grain legumes in sole and intercropping; impact of replacement intercropping on increasing resource use efficiency and crop productivity; and productivity of relay (additive) intercropping and rotation of grain legumes with maize. Scenario analysis was performed with data from the N2AfricaGhana project supplemented with data from the on-farm experiments and literature to test the impacts of intensification and diversification options on household food self-sufficiency. Sole legumes fixed larger amounts of N2 than under intercropping. The soil N balance was generally positive and similar between intercrops and sole crops suggesting that both systems could be sustainable intensification and diversification options. Poor fields stimulated grain legumes to rely on atmospheric N2 for growth leading to more positive soil N balances than in fertile fields. Consequently, legumes in poor fields were more competitive with maize and led to greater intercrop yield advantage than in fertile fields. Across all fields and sites, intercropping enhanced the efficiency in resource use resulting in a 26% to 46% yield advantage over sole cropping. Intercrops were more efficient and productive in the drier northern Guinea savanna than in the wetter southern Guinea savanna. Yet the absolute larger grain yields achieved i...

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Effect of Intercropping on Nitrogen Fixation of Three Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) Genotypes in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Ghana

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of Plant Density and Planting Pattern on Growth and Seed Yield of Groundnuts [Arachis hypogaea (l.)] in the Wet Middleveld of Eswatini

Effects of Plant Density and Planting Pattern on Growth and Seed Yield of Groundnuts [Arachis hypogaea (l.)] in the Wet Middleveld of Eswatini

Study the Effect of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Plant Densities on the Productivity and Profitability of Peanut in Sandy Soil

Sustainable intensification and diversification options with grain legumes for smallholder farming systems in the Guinea savanna of Ghana

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