Effect of interdiffusion regions on penetrant flux through multilayer films

Sankhe, Shilpa Y.; Hirt, Douglas E.; Zumbrunnen, D. A.

doi:10.1002/pen.10913

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In recent years, microlayered coextrusion with an assembly of several laminating‐multiplying elements (LMEs; it is a die that doubles the layer number of polymer material) has been developed to prepare the alternating‐layered composites consisting of layers of polar polymer with high resistance to nonpolar gas molecules [19–22]. More recently, Baer and coworkers improved the oxygen barrier property of alternating‐layered composites through adjusting the thickness of polar polymer layer and its crystallization behavior [23–26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and psychological long-term and late effects of cancer

Stein

Syrjala

Andrykowski

2008

Cancer

591

415

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The number of long-term cancer survivors (5 years after diagnosis) in the U.S.continues to rise, with more than 10 million Americans now living with a history of cancer. Along with such growth has come increasing attention to the continued health problems and needs of this population. Many cancer survivors return to normal functioning after the completion of treatment and are able to live relatively symptom-free lives. However, cancer and its treatment can also result in a wide range of physical and psychological problems that do not recede with time.Some of these problems emerge during or after cancer treatment and persist in a chronic, long-term manner. Other problems may not appear until months or even years later. Regardless of when they present, long-term and late effects of cancer can have a negative effect on cancer survivors' quality of life. This article describes the physical and psychological long-term and late effects among adult survivors of pediatric and adult cancers. The focus is on the prevalence and correlates of long-term and late effects as well as the associated deficits in physical and emotional functioning. In addition, the emergence of public health initiatives and large-scale research activities that address the issues of long-term cancer survivorship are discussed. Although additional research is needed to fully understand and document the long-term and late effects of cancer, important lessons can be learned from existing knowledge. Increased awareness of these issues is a key component in the development of follow-up care plans that may allow for adequate surveillance, prevention, and the management of long-term and late effects of cancer. T he number of long-term cancer survivors (5 years after diagnosis) in the U.S. is increasing because of advances in cancer screening, early detection, treatment strategies, and management of acute treatment toxicities. Indeed, the 5-year survival rate for all cancers combined has risen to 66%, up from approximately 50% in the 1970s, 1 and it is estimated that there are now more than 10 million Americans living with a history of cancer.2 Furthermore, based partly on the overall growth and increasing average age of the U.S. population, researchers are predicting that the number of persons over the age of 65 years diagnosed with cancer each year will double by the year 2050, and will quadruple among those aged 85 years in the same time frame.3 Considered together, these factors suggest that the number of cancer survivors in this country will continue to grow and that their long-term heath problems and resulting needs will demand increasing attention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and psychological long-term and late effects of cancer

Stein

Syrjala

Andrykowski

2008

Cancer

591

415

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent years, microlayered coextrusion with an assembly of several laminating-multiplying elements (LMEs; it is a die that doubles the layer number of polymer material) has been developed to prepare the alternating-layered composites consisting of layers of polar polymer with high resistance to nonpolar gas molecules [19][20][21][22]. More recently, Baer and coworkers improved the oxygen barrier property of alternating-layered composites through adjusting the thickness of polar polymer layer and its crystallization behavior [23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of phase morphology and interfacial strength on barrier properties of high density polyethylene/polyamide 6 membranes

Fan

et al. 2013

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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A barrier and resistance membrane consisting of alternating layers of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyamide 6 (PA6) was prepared by microlayered coextrusion. The influence of phase morphology, number of layers, and compatibilizer (CP) content of HDPE/PA6‐microlayered membranes on their gas barrier and water resistance properties were characterized using a scanning electron microscopy, gas in permeability, and water absorption tests. The results suggest that this special‐layered structure led to significant improvement of gas barrier and water resistance properties, compared with conventional membranes. In addition, the barrier and resistance properties of microlayered membranes were obviously enhanced with increased number of layers and CP content. An optimal number of layers and CP content were determined for the improved barrier and resistance properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Production of barrier films by chaotic mixing of plastics

Zumbrunnen

2003

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Recent studies have demonstrated that highly multilayered blend morphologies can be formed by chaotic mixing and captured within extrusions of various forms. The number and thickness of internal layers prior to layer breakup and the extent of breakup are controllable via specification of process variables. A variety of derivative morphologies can thereby be obtained. Although methods can be applicable to other blends, the relation of oxygen permeability to various morphologies was specifically investigated in this study for extruded films without drawing consisting of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, low density polyethylene and maleic anhydride modified polyethylene as a compatibilizing agent. Optimal barrier properties were obtained in a novel single phase continuous and mechanically interlocked morphology that was an outcome of stretching and folding characterizing chaotic mixing. Barrier properties were similar to those obtainable in co‐extruded films because of the presence of abundant platelets across the film thickness and crystallinity increases caused by barrier phase refinement.

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Effect of interdiffusion regions on penetrant flux through multilayer films

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Physical and psychological long-term and late effects of cancer

Physical and psychological long-term and late effects of cancer

Effect of phase morphology and interfacial strength on barrier properties of high density polyethylene/polyamide 6 membranes

Production of barrier films by chaotic mixing of plastics

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