Effect of intravenous testosterone on myocardial ischemia in men with coronary artery disease

Thompson, Paul D.; Ahlberg, Alan W.; Moyna, Niall M.; Duncan, Brett; Ferraro-Borgida, Melissa J.; White, C Michael; McGill, Carol C.; Heller, Gary V.

doi:10.1067/mhj.2002.120144

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Low HDL cholesterol concentrations are considered unfavorable [57]. Most results on the role played by testosterone on vascular endothelium demonstrate a negative influence on functionality but are partly conflicting [58,59,60,61,62,63,64,6566].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene modulates body fat mass and serum concentrations of leptin and insulin in men

Zitzmann¹,

Gromoll²,

et al. 2003

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Aims/hypothesis. The relationship of androgens to the metabolic syndrome has not been resolved. The polymorphic number of CAG repeats within the androgen receptor gene is inversely associated with the transcriptional activity of target genes.This polymorphism might thus influence testosterone effects on body fat content and serum concentrations of leptin and insulin. The direct and indirect role of androgens within the metabolic syndrome should become clearer if this genetically determined effector is taken into account. Methods. The hypothesis was investigated in a crosssectional study involving 106 healthy 20-50 year old males. Results. Multiple regression models showed a positive independent correlation of the CAG repeat number with body fat content, leptin and insulin (partial r=0.39, 0.36 and 0.28, p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.006, respectively). Factor analysis yielded a five-dimensional model: two dimensions were influenced by the androgen receptor polymorphism, namely "body composition" which consisted of leptin, body fat mass, insulin, the number of CAG repeats (positive loadings) and physical activity (negative loading), and "lipid profile" which comprised low density lipoprotein cholesterol, cigarette smoking, triglycerides (positive loadings) as well as high density lipoprotein cholesterol and number of CAG repeats (negative loadings). Conclusions/interpretation. A low number of CAG repeats were independently associated with protective parameters (low body fat mass and plasma insulin) as well as with adverse parameters (low high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations). This suggests that the pivotal role of this polymorphism in modulating androgen effects on cardiovascular risk factors is of a complex nature and implies that its clinical impact, similar to that of androgens, is dependent on exogenous cofactors. [Diabetologia (2003) 46:31-39] Keywords Testosterone, body fat, leptin, insulin, androgen receptor, CAG repeat polymorphism. Corresponding author: E. Nieschlag, Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University, Domagkstr. 11, 48129 Münster, Germany, E-mail: nieschl@uni-muenster.de Abbreviations: Ar, Adrogen Receptor; BFM, body fat mass; CAG, cytosin-adenin-guanin; CAGr, CAG repeats; FFM, fat free mass; HDL, high density lipoprotein; SHBG, sex hormone binding globuline; TBW, total body water; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio. Diabetologia (2003) 46:31-39 DOI 10.1007 The CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene modulates body fat mass and serum concentrations of leptin and insulin in men The term "metabolic syndrome" describes a pre-diabetic and pro-atherogenic state which is characterized by overweight, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinaemia, arterial hypertension, low concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertriglyceridaemia and disturbed haemostasis [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Several cross-sectional population studies found correlations between serum concentrations of testosterone and these cardiovascular risk factors, which, however, were opposi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene modulates body fat mass and serum concentrations of leptin and insulin in men

Zitzmann¹,

Gromoll²,

et al. 2003

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“…Therapeutic use of testosterone in men with coronary artery disease improved cardiac ischemia 43,44) . In elderly men, low testosterone levels have been shown to be associated with the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD) 45) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of the Androgen – Androgen Receptor System in Vascular Angiogenesis

Yoshida

Ikeda

Aihara

2016

JAT

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Although many clinical studies have shown that a low testosterone level is associated with cardiovascular diseases, the role of androgens in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology remains controversial. Androgens exert various actions in their target organs, and the androgen receptor (AR) is widely distributed in several tissues, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts, in the vascular system. Biological activities of androgens are predominantly mediated through the AR by the transcriptional control of target genes and interaction with multiple signaling pathways. To clarify the molecular mechanisms of androgens in cardiovascular disease, we examined a pathological model using AR knockout mice and showed that the androgen -AR system has protective effects on cardiovascular remodeling against cardiovascular stress. In this review, we focus on the role of the androgen -AR system in angiogenesis after ischemic stress.

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“…Testosterone has been reported to improve angina pectoris in men with CAD (29) and delay the onset of ischemia induced by exercise (30), but these findings have not been consistent (31). Testosterone infusion also acutely improves coronary blood flow.…”

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confidence: 76%