Effect of Intrinsic Defects of Carbon Materials on the Sodium Storage Performance

Abstract

Due to their high conductivity and low cost, carbon materials have attracted great attention in the field of energy storage, especially as anode material for sodium ion batteries. Current research focuses on introducing external defects through heteroatom engineering to improve the sodium storage performance of carbon materials. However, there is still a lack of systematic investigation of the effects of intrinsic defects prevalent in carbon materials on sodium storage performance. Herein, template‐assisted method was used to design carbon materials with different degrees of intrinsic defects and explore their sodium storage properties. The experimental results show that the intrinsic defects in the carbon materials facilitates the adsorption behavior of Na+ during the surface induction capacitance process. Among them, the best carbon anode material exhibits high reversible capacity (221 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1) and excellent rate performance. In addition, the density functional theory calculations also show that the existence of intrinsic defects can optimize the distribution of electron density, thereby increasing the Na‐adsorption capacity. This work makes an important contribution to understanding the role of intrinsic defects in the sodium storage performance of carbon materials.

A Stable Biomass‐Derived Hard Carbon Anode for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Full Battery

“…[47][48][49] This phenomenon is well in agreement with previous work. [50] The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm in Figure 1e shows the samples obtained at different temperatures are close to I type. [51,52] At higher pressures, hysteresis rings of the materials can be observed, indicating the presence of a porous structure.…”

Thermodynamically Metal Atom Trapping in Van der Waals Layers Enabling Multifunctional 3D Carbon Network

“…Recent studies on carbon materials have demonstrated the intrinsic coupling between the microstructure and sodium storage performance. [72][73][74][75][76][77][78] Hence, considering the greatly enhanced Na + ions adsorption capability in defect-rich carbon material, a distinct sodium storage behavior based on adsorption mechanism is expected for MAT engineered CNs material. We have shown that by using CNs as anode materials for sodium-ion battery, we can achieve high capacity and good cycle life in CNs-4 sample with expanded interlayer spacing and hierarchical porous structure (see details in Figure S39, Supporting Information).…”

Function and Application of Defect Chemistry in High‐Capacity Electrode Materials for Li‐Based Batteries

“…In most cases, the changes in distortion or loss of atoms in the crystal lattice of carbon hosts easily cause intrinsic defects, which can modulate their electronic structure and surface properties. [93] The intrinsic carbon defects lead to the more exposed active sites on the surface of carbon, which can mitigate the undesired LiPSs shuttle for increasing the sulfur utilization. [94] For instance, Wang et al have proposed the porous disorder carbon nanotubes as a host material for encapsulating sulfur, which can improve the cyclability and CE of LiÀ S battery.…”