Effect of ionizing radiation on the pteridine metabolic pathway and evaluation of its cytotoxicity in exposed hospital staff

Engin, Ayşe Başak; Ergün, Mehmet Ali; Yurtçu, Erkan; Kan, Derya; Şahin, Gönül

doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.05.005

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Erol et al (2002) observed that the ionizing radiation dose to which invasive cardiology workers were exposed did not induce an increase in the frequency of SCEs, but could induce an increase of chromosomal aberrations. Vice versa, in agreement with other previous findings (Tug et al, 2013;Engin et al, 2005;Bozkurt et al, 2003;Cardoso et al, 2001;Ray et al, 2001), our study reveals a significantly increased frequency of SCEs among radiation-exposed individuals compared to controls. A possible explanation could be that one of the consequences of the exposure to IR is the production of free radicals able to induce higher levels of SCEs (Ray et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…At DNA level, IR exerts its genotoxic effect by the induction of singleand double-strand breaks, a-basic sites and oxidized bases. Moreover, the exposure to IR has been associated with gene mutations, amplification of genetic material, chromosomal rearrangements and increased frequencies of apoptosis, chromosomal aberrations (CAs), micronuclei and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) (Lazutka et al, 1999;Limoli et al, 2000;Engin et al, 2005;Dias et al, 2007;Sari-Minodier et al, 2007;Sakly et al, 2012a,b). These genotoxic effects of the radiations would result in each individual in the induction of a carcinogenic process (Breimer, 1988;Overbeek et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes of radiology technicians chronically exposed to low levels of ionizing radiations

Santovito

Cervella

Delpero

2014

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology

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Chromosome aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) frequencies were estimated in peripheral lymphocytes from 21 radiology technicians, and from 21 nonexposed control subjects. We exclusively considered individuals who neither smoke nor consume drugs or alcohol for a period of at least two years prior to the analysis. Significant differences were found between exposed and controls in terms of SCEs and CAs frequencies. Technicians showed a significant higher number of high-frequency individuals (HFIs) with respect to the control group. Nevertheless, the mean frequency of SCEs observed among technician HFIs did not significantly differ with respect to that observed among control HFIs. Vice versa, the nonHFIs belonging to technicians group showed a statistically higher difference in the SCEs/NSM value with respect to the non-HFIs belonging to control group. Since the differences in the SCEs frequencies between the two groups are due to non-HFIs, our results seem to indicate a general genotoxic effect of the IR, not affected by HFIs. Among technicians, the level of chromosome damage correlated neither with years of radiation exposure nor with the age of the subjects. Vice versa, in the control group, a positive correlation was found between the number of SCEs and age. In both samples the gender status did not influence the frequencies of CAs and SCEs. Our results suggest that chronic long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation could increase the CAs and SCEs frequencies. This study reinforces the relevance of the biomonitoring of hospital workers chronically exposed to ionizing radiation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes of radiology technicians chronically exposed to low levels of ionizing radiations

Santovito

Cervella

Delpero

2014

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology

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“…Consistent with this, other studies have also demonstrated that DNA damage is significantly correlated with the dose of IR exposure and the exposure time, and higher doses of IR result in a higher frequency of MN and CAs (13,38) . Interestingly,it was also found that the stable CA rates increased with the cumulative exposure time, while no significance was detected in unstable CA rates and increased exposure time, which may be explained by the fact that stable CAs did not disappear with increase in exposure time, while unstable CAs disappeared with increased exposure time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Effects of Ionising Radiation on Micronucleus Formation and Chromosomal Aberrations in Chinese Radiation Workers

Qin

Cao

Shen

et al. 2015

Radiat Prot Dosimetry

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This study is aimed to investigate the effects of ionising radiation (IR) on micronuclei (MN) formation and chromosome aberrations (CAs) in Chinese radiation workers. The study was conducted using peripheral blood lymphocytes from 1392 radiation workers from Public Hospitals of the city of Tangshan (the exposed group), and 143 healthy individuals as the control group. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was used to detect the unstable and stable nuclear CAs on metaphase. The MN assay was performed using the cytochalasin B method for cytokinesis-block. The MN and CA frequencies were significantly higher in the exposed group than in healthy controls (both p < 0.001). Examination of the incidence rates of MN and CA showed an increasing trend among workers in some occupations compared with the others (all p < 0.05). There were also significant differences in MN and CA rates among workers with different exposure times (all p < 0.05). Stable CA rates demonstrated an increased trend among workers with different exposure times (all p < 0.05), while no significance of unstable CA rates was found among workers with different exposure times (all p < 0.05). Importantly, the frequencies of CA and MN increased among different cumulative radiation dose groups (all p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the frequencies of MN and CA were positively associated with the cumulative radiation dose. Longterm exposure to IR may have harmful effects on the health of radiation workers. The data obtained here show an increased risk of genetic instability that correlated with occupation, exposure time and equivalent dose among Chinese radiation workers.

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“…Some medical uses of radiation, such as nuclear medicine and interventional procedures, may expose the personnel to higher doses, and these are subjects of concern [3]. Recently, Engin et al [4] have assessed the genomic instability in γ-radiation and X-ray-exposed hospital staff and observed that chronic exposure to low levels of IR, below the accepted limit, could induce oxidative stress and increased apoptosis frequency, compared to the nonexposed staff. Information on radiation effects can be considered in the context of cancer risk [5], since there is recent evidence indicating that low doses of radiation exert both suppression and induction of neoplastic transformation [6].…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cytogenetic approach to the effects of low levels of ionizing radiation (IR) on the exposed Tunisian hospital workers

Bouraoui¹,

Mougou²,

Drira³

et al. 2013

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess chromosomal damage in Tunisian hospital workers occupationally exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation (IR). Materials and Methods: The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in the peripheral lymphocytes of 67 exposed workers compared to 43 controls matched for gender, age and smoking habits was used. The clastogenic/aneugenic effect of IR was evaluated using the CBMN assay in combination with fluorescence in situ hybridization with human pan-centromeric DNA in all the exposed subjects and controls. Results: The study showed a significant increase of the micronucleus (MN) frequency in the lymphocytes of the exposed workers compared to the control group (13.63±4.9‰ vs. 6.52±4.21‰, p < 0.05). The centromere analysis performed in our study showed that MNs in hospital staff were predominantly centromere negative (72%) and the mean negative labeled micronucleus (C-MN) frequency was significantly higher in the exposed subjects than in the controls (9.04±4.57‰ vs. 1.17±0.77‰). The multivariate regression analysis, taking into account all confounding factors, showed that only the time of exposure to IR had a significant effect on the level of MNs and C-MN. Conclusion: The present study shows that chromosomal damage leading to the formation of micronucleated lymphocytes is more frequent in the hospital workers exposed to IR than in the controls, despite the low levels of exposure. The results of the study confirm the well-known clastogenic properties of ionizing radiation. In regards to health monitoring, detection of early genotoxic effects may allow for the adoption of preventive biological control measures, such as hygienic improvements in the workplace or reduction of hours of occupational exposure.

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Effect of ionizing radiation on the pteridine metabolic pathway and evaluation of its cytotoxicity in exposed hospital staff

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes of radiology technicians chronically exposed to low levels of ionizing radiations

Increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes of radiology technicians chronically exposed to low levels of ionizing radiations

Effects of Ionising Radiation on Micronucleus Formation and Chromosomal Aberrations in Chinese Radiation Workers

A cytogenetic approach to the effects of low levels of ionizing radiation (IR) on the exposed Tunisian hospital workers

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