Effect of Iron on Conversion of Acetic Acid to Methane During Methanogenic Fermentations

Hoban, Daryl J.; Berg, L. van den

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1979.tb01179.x

Cited by 87 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Still later reports [58] indicate that moderate levels of iron (10 to 120 mg/L) stimulate methanogenesis. These investigations reported significant iron precipitation during digestion, but did not indicate that the precipitates affected the digestion process either positively or negatively.…”

Section: Iron Nickel Cobalt and Other Heavv Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Wirtz¹,

Dague²

1996

Water Environment Research

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This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI fihns the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be fi-om any type of computer printer.The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction.In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Table 2. Proton-reducing reactions by the acetogenic bacteria [14,27,143,168]. 23 Table 3. The methanogenic bacteria [12], 26 Table 4. Methanogenic substrates [12]. 27 Table 5. Important reactions by the methanogens [12,168]. 27 Table 6. Effects of alkali and alkaline-earth metals on anaerobic digestion [95]. 52 Table 7. Bacterial counts in granules from UASB reactors [31,33]. 91 Table 8. General composition of granules [31]. 96 Table 9. Granule chemical composition [32,33], 96 Table 10. Specific methanogenic activity of various biomass [32,87]. 99 Table 11. Substrates suitable for granule formation. 105 Table 12. Solubility products of metal salts [98]. 111 Table 13. Sucrose feed mixture. 126 Table 14. Beef extract and glucose feed mixture. 127 Table 15. Composition of the beef extract soup base. 128 Table 16. Nutrient (NPK) solution. 128 Table 17. Trace metal solution. 129 Table 18. Ames municipal water analysis. 131 Table 19. ASBR cycle time for 48 and 24-hr HRTs. 133 viii Table 20. Attachment matrices utilized for granulation enhancement. 138 Table 21. Polymer characteristics. 139 Table 22. Coagulants utilized for granulation enhancement. 139 Table 23. Operational parameters routinely tested. 141 Table 24. Reagents used in the COD test. 144 Table 25. Gas chromatography analysis setup. 158 Table 26. Elemental analysis of granules. 165 Table 27. Start-up and granulation summary. 232 Table 28. Summary of specific methanogenic activity experiments. 238 Table 29. Chemical composition of granular and initial seed biomass. 255 Table 30. COD data for the sucrose control test. 286 Table 31. Biogas data for the sucrose control test. 287 Table 32. Volatile acids data for the sucrose control test. 291 Ta...

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Section: Iron Nickel Cobalt and Other Heavv Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ferric chloride was selected because of its common use in drinking water treatment as a coagulant. Iron is also a necessary trace metal and has been implicated by some authors to be limiting in some anaerobic treatment applications [58,115,126,138].…”

Section: Ferric Chloride Enhancement Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Wirtz¹,

Dague²

1996

Water Environment Research

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“…These metals are, therefore, only bioavailable if the wastewater micro-organisms have a stronger affinity for the metal than the complexing agent (Callander and Barford, 1983). Previous researchers have concluded that precipitated metals are not readily bioavailable to micro-organisms (Aquino and Stuckey, 2007;Callander and Barford, 1983;Gonzalez-Gil et al, 2002;Hoban and van den Berg, 1979;Mosey et al, 1971;Pfeffer and White, 1964;Zandvoort et al, 2006), which corresponds to their resistance to extraction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iron is known to be an essential metal for all micro-organisms (Hughes and Poole, 1989) and has been reported to increase AS microbial activity when supplemented to nutrient-deficient systems (Carter and McKinney, 1973;Derco et al, 1998). Iron is particularly important for efficient anaerobic metabolism (Callander and Barford, 1983;Hoban and van den Berg, 1979;Pfeffer and White, 1964) and has been found to increase biogas production significantly when supplemented to anaerobic digesters with low bioavailable iron concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic profiles of chemical phosphorus removal sludge

Carliell-Marquet

Smith

Oikonomidis

et al. 2010

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Manag

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Iron dosing is commonly used to remove phosphorus from wastewater but little is known about how this changes the distribution of iron, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and trace metals in activated and digested sludge. This research compared the inorganic profiles of sludge from full-scale processes (activated sludge and anaerobic digestion) with and without iron dosing, with the aim of identifying changes in inorganic distribution resulting from iron dosing. Sludge phosphorus and metals were fractionated using sequential chemical extraction. Bioavailable iron was lower in iron-dosed activated sludge, as was bioavailable phosphorus (6·5 g/kg compared with 1·8 g/kg), with most of the iron and phosphorus bound as iron-hydroxy-phosphates. Similar results were found for anaerobically digested sludge after iron dosing; iron and phosphorus in the sludge increased by 4 and 1·35 times, respectively, but bioavailability was decreased. The ratio of chemical oxygen demand to bioavailable phosphorus in the digester was 840 : 1 after iron dosing. By contrast, calcium, magnesium, copper and zinc were increasingly bioavailable in the digester after iron dosing. The reported changes were linked to the iron content of the sludge; hence the level of iron dosing is key to minimising changes in sludge inorganic profiles.

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“…Hattori and Hattori (1976) found that the cation exchange capability of clays provided a slow release of nutrients to attached bacteria. 1ron and possibly other elements added in solution are readily precipitated and become unavailable (Hoban and Van der Berg, 1979). The slow release of elements from clays would be very beneficial to the slow-growing acetate-convertingmethanogens once they beco me attached.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of sepiolite, vermiculite and montmorillonite as supports in anaerobic digesters

Rodríguez

Carretero

Maqueda

1989

Applied Clay Science

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The effect of sorne clay minerals as support for methane production by an anaerobic process was studied. The clay minerals used were: natural sepiolite, treated sepiolite (both from Vallecas, Spain), vermiculite from Santa Olalla (Spain) and montmorillonite from Gador (Spain). Expanded polyurethane and PVC were also used in order to compare these materials, frequently used as supports in anaerobic digesters, and clay minerals.Treated sepiolite in suspension is the material that produces more methanobacteria. This is the only mineral able to fix the bacteria when it is in suspension. The best results for sedimentation are also obtained with this material.Magnesium released from the supports may play an important role in anaerobic digestion.

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Effect of Iron on Conversion of Acetic Acid to Methane During Methanogenic Fermentations

Cited by 87 publications

References 14 publications

Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Enhancement of granulation and start‐up in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

Inorganic profiles of chemical phosphorus removal sludge

Behaviour of sepiolite, vermiculite and montmorillonite as supports in anaerobic digesters

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