Effect of Irrigation Regimes and Soil Texture on the Potassium Utilization Efficiency of Rice

Abstract

Understanding the effects of irrigation regime and soil texture on potassium-use efficiency (KUE) of rice (Oryza sativa. L) is essential for improving rice productivity. In this regard, experiments were conducted from July to October in 2016 and 2017 by using a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement with four replications. The rice plants were grown in three soils, with clay contents of 40%, 50%, and 60%, which were marked as S (40%), S (50%), and S (60%), respectively. For each soil type, irrigation regimes, namely, R (F, S100%), R (F, S90%), and R (F, S70%), were established by setting the lower limit of irrigation to 100%, 90%, and 70% of saturated soil water content, respectively, and the upper limit of irrigation with 30 mm of flooding water above the soil surface for all irrigation regimes. Results showed that the responses of the roots and shoots and the potassium accumulation (KA) and KUE of rice were significantly affected by the water regime and soil texture. In the same irrigation regime, increasing the soil clay content improved the K utilization of rice. Under the same soil type, R (F, S100%) was the optimal water management practice for growing rice. The R (F, S100%) S (60%) treatment presented the highest KUE, which was 56.4% in 2016 and 68.1% in 2017. The R (F, S70%) S (40%) treatment showed the lowest KUE, which was 13.8% in 2016 and 14.9% in 2017. These results enrich knowledge regarding the relationship among soil, water, and rice, and provide valuable insights on the effect of irrigation regime and soil texture on the KA and KUE of rice.

GABA-Alleviated Oxidative Injury Induced by Salinity, Osmotic Stress and their Combination by Regulating Cellular and Molecular Signals in Rice

“…Moreover, starch catabolism could be accelerated by activating α- and β-amylase activities in GABA-pretreated seeds [29]. It is well-known that both organic and inorganic osmolytes such as sugars and starch are important osmotic regulators for plant adaption to environmental stresses [38,39,40]. These osmolytes were decreased in the present study under salinity, osmotic stress and OS+S, and were enhanced by priming with 0.5 mM GABA (Table 3).…”

The Integration of Bio and Organic Fertilizers Improve Plant Growth, Grain Yield, Quality and Metabolism of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.)

“…These biofertilizers are mainly based on beneficial microorganisms in a viable state applied to seed or soil aiming to increase soil fertility and plant growth by increasing the number and biological activity of desired microorganisms in the rhizosphere [9]. As soil is a complex system which can be affected by several factors [10,11], improving such beneficial microbial communities in the soil is an important factor in the biogeochemical cycling of both inorganic and organic nutrients, specifically, in the rhizosphere zone which can increase the availability of nutrients to plants and also improve the soil quality [12]. The plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) was used for the first time at the end of the 1970s in many key ecosystem processes, such as bio-fertilizers and bio-pesticides [13].…”

Usage of Si, P, Se, and Ca Decrease Arsenic Concentration/Toxicity in Rice, a Review

“…Agriculture is currently facing the challenge of providing adequate food for a growing population [1]. Rice is a staple food worldwide [2], and it provides two-thirds of the calories needed for two billion people in Asia; while also being the primary protein source for those people [3,4].…”

“…However, rice is one of the most widely consumed plants globally and requires a constant water source through irrigation, and plants consume about 60% of the irrigation water. Soil texture affects the uptake and growth of plant nutrients because it alters access to water in the soil [1,6,7]. One of the most important threats to natural and human ecosystems is the pollution of water and soil resources by heavy metals and metals, which causes fundamental changes in ecosystems while their entry into the biological cycle can have devastating environmental effects [8,9].…”