Effect of Irrigation Systems, Rates and Polymer on Water Use Efficiency, Yield and Fruit Quality of Grape Under Desert Conditions

Abstract

This experiment was carried out during the two successive seasons 2020 and 2021 on Flame Seedless grapevines grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation system at EL-Tahrir, El Beheira Governorate. The aim of this research was to save irrigation water without any reduction of water use efficiency, yield and fruit quality of Flame Seedless grapevines under desert condition. The experiment design was arranged in a split-plot with three replications. The main plots were divided into three drip irrigation systems, i.e. surface drip irrigation, subsurface drip irrigation and Oscop drip irrigation either a solely form alone or in combined with three doses of polymer i.e. zero, 25 and 50g. The sub-plots were allocated to three irrigation levels (100%, 75% and 50% of water requirements). The obtained results cleared that Oscop drip irrigation with 50g of polymer under 75% of water requirements resulted in the best results in terms of increasing the yield and its components and ensuring the best physical and chemical properties of clusters and berries as well as improving the water use efficiency Flame Seedless grapevines in both seasons.

Effect of Superabsorbent Polymer Application on Soil Hydraulic Properties, Growth, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of ‘Early Sweet’ Grapevine (Vitis vinefera) under Different Irrigation Levels

“…This outcome is consistent with research on grapevines conducted by (Cabral et al, 2021 andCaruso et al, 2022). In addition, the increase in cluster weight and yield observed in irrigation treatments can be interpreted in view of the fact that these treatments led to the increase in the photosynthetic rate of leaves and then cluster enhanced (Rabeh et al, 2022). From the previous studies, it has been concluded that adding SAP can enhance the fruit's chemical and physical properties because of the prolonged soil moisture, enhanced microbial activity, and higher nutrient availability (Cerasola et al, 2022).…”

“…Since SAP can effectively boost water efficiency and water use efficiency by increasing the quantity of water-stable aggregates and preventing water evaporation from the soil (Zhao et al, 2019), it shows a significant improvement in sandy soil and arid locations (Bai et al, 2010). Our results are in agreement with (Rabeh et al, 2022) who found that SAP significantly increased the water use efficiency of (Flame Seedless) grapevines grown in sandy soil under a drip irrigation system.…”

“…It is noted that the irrigation at 80% ETc is the exact perfect water amount under the conditions of the study, as the slight deficit irrigation provides the plant with more time and chance to receive the benefits of nutrients and cause a significant yield (Rabeh et al, 2022). The obtained results agreed with those of Bryla et al (2003) as irrigation Florida prince peach trees with (80% ETc) gave the best yield.…”

“…This result agreed with Wei et al (2017) and Gaser et al (2018) who showed that water use efficiency (WUE) was significantly affected by slight deficit irrigation. Water use efficiency (WUE) can be increased by using SAP under slight deficit irrigation (Rabeh et al, 2022). Improvements in WUE under SAP treatments may be attributed to maintaining enough water available for trees to recover from drought stress injuries, controlling soil water content by increasing its waterholding capacity, reducing deep percolation and evaporation losses in sandy soils, and capturing water that leached from the root zone (Oladosu et al, 2022).…”

Increasing Irrigation Water Use Efficiency by Adding Soil Conditioner to Improve Vegetative Growth, Fruit Quality and Yield on Flame Seedless Grapevines Under Water Stress Conditions

“…These outcomes agree with those that were already reached by Genaidy et al (2016 ) who stated that IWUE was significantly increased with the decrease in irrigation amounts. In addition, Wei et al (2017) andRabeh, et al (2022) stated that grapevines irrigated at 75% of their water requirements improved the water use efficiency as compared with those irrigated at 100% or 50% of their water requirements. More improvement in WUE was noticed with the addition of 2kg/vine hundz soil under irrigation at 70% IWR, which reflects an increase in the ability of soil to retain water by adding natural soil conditioners such as hundz soil, The results is in good agreement whit those recorded whit (Ezzat et al, 2011) who stated that applying soil amendments, to sandy soil improves the soil's physical properties and decreases water loss by drainage leading to rationalization of irrigation water, and increasing irrigation water efficiency…”