Effect of keratinase on ileal amino acid digestibility in five feedstuffs fed to growing pigs

Huang, Chong; Ma, Dongli; Zang, Jianjun; Zhang, Bo; Sun, Brian Y.; Liu, Ling; Zhang, Shuai

doi:10.5713/ajas.17.0815

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…To our knowledge, there have been no data on the SID of AA in lupin hulls reported previously. For rice bran, the SID of CP and AA observed in the present study was less than the values reported by Casas et al [15], but greater than the values by Huang et al [30]. There were variations in the CP and AA contents in the full fat rice bran used among the experiments, but the SID values are not be affected by the total contents of CP and AA [5].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…The difference in fiber contents may also affect the AA digestibility in rice bran. It is possible that dietary NDF can decrease the digestibility of CP [33], and the NDF contents in rice bran were 21.4% DM in the present study (Table 1) whereas the NDF in rice bran was 23.8% DM [30] and 5.1% DM [15], respectively. The SID in wheat bran used in this study was in agreement with the values reported by Eklund et al [25].…”

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confidence: 51%

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Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in cereal grains and co-products in growing pigs

Lee

Ahn

Son

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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Objective: The objective was to determine standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) in cereal grains and various co-products fed to growing pigs.Methods: Ten feed ingredients tested were barley (9.3% CP), lupin kernels (31.1% CP), and wheat (11.3% CP) as cereal grains, and 2 sources of corn gluten feed produced in China (21.6% CP) and Korea (24.6% CP), corn gluten meal (65.3% CP), lupin hulls (11.6% CP), rice bran (14.5% CP), soybean meal (44.8% CP), and wheat bran (15.4% CP) as co-products. Ten experimental diets were formulated to contain each ingredient as a sole source of N and an N-free diet was used to correct basal endogenous losses of CP and AA. All diets also contained 0.5% Cr2O3 as an indigestible index. A replicated 11×6 incomplete Latin square design with 11 dietary treatments, 6 periods, and 22 animals was employed. Twenty-two barrows with an initial body weight of 64.6±4.9 kg were equipped with a T-cannula in the distal ileum. An experimental period consisted of a 4-d adaptation period and a 2-d collection period.Results: The SID of CP in the barley, lupin kernels, wheat, 2 sources of corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, lupin hulls, rice bran, soybean meal, and wheat bran were 84.7%, 90.5%, 90.4%, 77.4%, 74.6%, 89.5%, 90.4%, 74.4%, 86.9%, and 63.4% (standard error of the mean [SEM] = 5.3, p = 0.006), respectively. The respective SID values of Lys were 75.5%, 88.4%, 83.9%, 74.7%, 62.4%, 80.3%, 83.9%, 78.5%, 88.0%, and 71.2% (SEM = 3.3, p<0.001), and the SID values of Met were 83.6%, 88.7%, 89.4%, 85.7%, 78.3%, 88.9%, 89.4%, 85.3%, 91.1%, and 77.0% (SEM = 2.4, p<0.001), respectively.Conclusion: The ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids varies among the feed ingredients fed to pigs.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

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confidence: 51%

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in cereal grains and co-products in growing pigs

Lee

Ahn

Son

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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“…The performance of broiler chickens on this feed was better than with conventional soybean meal protein ( Larasati et al, 2017 ). Similarly, addition of “Versazyme” (a keratinase feed additive produced by B. licheniformis PWD-1) or other keratinases to feed mixtures may improve growth performance, breast meat yield, and gut villus structure of broilers fed diets based on corn and soybean meal ( Huang et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2008 , Wang et al, 2006 ). Chicken feather hydrolysates could also serve as a cheap source of liquid organic fertilizer.…”

Section: Applications Of Keratinolytic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial enzymes catalyzing keratin degradation: Classification, structure, function

Qiu

Wilkens

Barrett

et al. 2020

Biotechnology Advances

160

103

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Keratin is an insoluble and protein-rich epidermal material found in e.g. feather, wool, hair. It is produced in substantial amounts as co-product from poultry processing plants and pig slaughterhouses. Keratin is packed by disulfide bonds and hydrogen bonds. Based on the secondary structure, keratin can be classified into α-keratin and β-keratin. Keratinases (EC 3.4.-.- peptide hydrolases) have major potential to degrade keratin for sustainable recycling of the protein and amino acids. Currently, the known keratinolytic enzymes belong to at least 14 different protease families: S1, S8, S9, S10, S16, M3, M4, M14, M16, M28, M32, M36, M38, M55 (MEROPS database). The various keratinolytic enzymes act via endo -attack (proteases in families S1, S8, S16, M4, M16, M36), exo -attack (proteases in families S9, S10, M14, M28, M38, M55) or by action only on oligopeptides (proteases in families M3, M32), respectively. Other enzymes, particularly disulfide reductases, also play a key role in keratin degradation as they catalyze the breakage of disulfide bonds for better keratinase catalysis. This review aims to contribute an overview of keratin biomass as an enzyme substrate and a systematic analysis of currently sequenced keratinolytic enzymes and their classification and reaction mechanisms. We also summarize and discuss keratinase assays, available keratinase structures and finally examine the available data on uses of keratinases in practical biorefinery protein upcycling applications.

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“…Also, the incidence of diarrhea, one of the causes of weaned piglets death was positively reduced (Wang et al 2011). Huang et al (2018) also demonstrated with pigs that the supplementation of different diets (rice bran, corn dried grains and cottonseed, rapeseed, peanut and corn-soybean meals) with Cibenza DP100™ keratinase at 0.05% (w/w), affected crude protein and most of the analyzed amino acids to apparent and standardized ileal digestibility (AID and SID, respectively). The highest AID and SID for most amino acids were observed for corn-soybean and peanut meals whereas rice bran and corn dried Biogas production (hydrogen) Bálint et al (2005) grains diets presented the lowest values for most amino acids.…”

Section: Animal Feedmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The highest AID and SID for most amino acids were observed for corn-soybean and peanut meals whereas rice bran and corn dried Biogas production (hydrogen) Bálint et al (2005) grains diets presented the lowest values for most amino acids. Although keratinase supplementation contributed to improve amino acids AID and SID for the six diets studied, only in the corn-soybean meal its supplementation significantly improved the crude protein digestibility (Huang et al 2018).…”

Section: Animal Feedmentioning

confidence: 91%

Industrial sustainability of microbial keratinases: production and potential applications

Menezes

Santos

et al. 2021

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Keratinases are proteolytic enzymes with a particular ability to cleave peptide bonds in keratin, and in other proteins. Due to their broad-spectrum of activity, keratinases are considered viable substitutes for chemical and thermal treatments of proteinrich industrial by-products. Among these protein residues, special attention has been given to keratinous materials (feathers, hair, horns, etc.), which disposal through harsh conditions methods, such as acid/alkaline hydrolysis or incineration, is not considered ecologically safe. Microbial keratinolytic enzymes allow for keratin degradation under mild conditions, resulting in keratin hydrolysates containing undamaged amino acids and peptides. In this review article, we offer perspectives on the relevance of these unique biocatalysts and their revolutionary ascent in industries that generate keratin-rich wastes. Additionally, we share insights for applications of keratinases and protein hydrolysates in agriculture, animal feed, cosmetics, phamaceuticals, detergent additives, leather processing, and others. Due to the scientific importance of keratinases and their potential use in green technologies, searching for bacterial and fungal species that efficiently produce these enzymes may contribute to the sustainability of industries.

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Effect of keratinase on ileal amino acid digestibility in five feedstuffs fed to growing pigs

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in cereal grains and co-products in growing pigs

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in cereal grains and co-products in growing pigs

Microbial enzymes catalyzing keratin degradation: Classification, structure, function

Industrial sustainability of microbial keratinases: production and potential applications

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