Effect of ketal group in castor oil acid‐based plasticizer on the properties of poly(vinyl chloride)

Abstract

Two castor oil acid esters containing a ketal or ketone group (KCL or CL), as alternative plasticizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), were prepared. The structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopies. The effects of the presence of a ketal or ketone group in these compounds on PVC plasticization were examined. The DMA and SEM results showed that both plasticizers were miscible with PVC and exhibited excellent plasticizing properties, compared to those of dioctyl phthalate (DOP). The PVC plasticized by KCL displayed a lower Tg value of 20.6°C, which was lower than that of PVC plasticized with DOP (22.3°C) and PVC plasticized with CL (40.5°C). Tensile tests indicated that PVC plasticized using KCL showed a 37% higher of elongation at break than PVC plasticized by CL and 30% higher than PVC plasticized by DOP. The plasticizing mechanism was also investigated. Moreover, exudation, volatility, and extraction tests, along with TGA indicated that the presence of ketal groups effectively improved the migration resistance of plasticizer and the thermal stability of PVC blends. Taken together, introducing ketal groups into plasticizer might be an effective strategy for improving its plasticizing efficiency.

A highly stable bio-based plasticizer constructed from renewable acids for plasticizing and enhancing the optical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)

“…21 At present, researchers are committed to finding suitable biomass to prepare bio-based environmentally friendly plasticizers. Among them, the reported biomass resources that can be used as plasticizer raw materials are cardanol, [22][23][24] castor oil, [25][26][27] waste cooking oil, 28,29 vanillic acid, 30 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid, [31][32][33] isosorbide, 34 rosin 35,36 and so on. By pre-considering the influence of plasticizer structure on the properties of polymer materials, researchers carried out planned group modification of biomass chemical raw materials to obtain various new high-efficiency bio-based plasticizers.…”

A novel method for long‐term preserving of urine microstructure using poly(vinyl chloride)

“…Due to the polar carbonchlorine link, PVC polymers have a higher dielectric constant and power factor than polyethylene, making them a viable choice for applications that need high frequencies. 3 Polystyrene (PS) (C 8 H 8 ) n is a synthetic polymer easily synthesized using free-radical initiators to polymerize styrene by the free radical polymerization reaction. PS comes in three different forms, atactic polystyrene (APS), isotactic polystyrene (IPS), and syndiotactic polystyrene (SPS) (Figure 1).…”

“…Because of the C‐Cl dipole, PVC is also a polar polymer. Due to the polar carbon‐chlorine link, PVC polymers have a higher dielectric constant and power factor than polyethylene, making them a viable choice for applications that need high frequencies 3 . Polystyrene (PS) (C 8 H 8 ) n is a synthetic polymer easily synthesized using free‐radical initiators to polymerize styrene by the free radical polymerization reaction.…”

Assessments of classical dry-blending/moulding and solution casting PVC plasticization effectiveness – a comparative study

“…Another study that can characterize a plasticized PVC material is the determination of a glass transition temperature. In this case, two methods are used: differential scanning calorimetry 32 and dynamic mechanical analysis 33 . The permanence of a plasticizer in a polymer matrix can be evaluated by migration studies.…”