Effect of L-Carnosine in children with autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Abraham, Debi Ann; Undela, Krishna; Narasimhan, Udayakumar; Rajanandh, Muhasaparur Ganesan

doi:10.1007/s00726-021-02960-6

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Studies have reported protective effects of L-carnosine in neurological and psychiatric disorders, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [50][51][52][53]. However, clinical trials of L-carnosine supplementation in children with ASD have demonstrated inconsistent results [22]. Not all studies conducted to date have reported evident improvements in social dysfunction in children with ASD following L-carnosine supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Supplementation with L-Carnosine Attenuates Social Recognition Deficits in CD157KO Mice via Oxytocin Release

et al. 2022

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The outcomes of supplementation with L-carnosine have been investigated in clinical trials in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, reports on the effects of L-carnosine in humans have been inconsistent, and the efficacy of L-carnosine supplementation for improving ASD symptoms has yet to be investigated in animal studies. Here, we examined the effects of oral supplementation with L-carnosine on social deficits in CD157KO mice, a murine model of ASD. Social deficits in CD157KO mice were assessed using a three-chamber social approach test. Oral supplementation with L-carnosine attenuated social behavioral deficits. The number of c-Fos-positive oxytocin neurons in the supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus was increased with L-carnosine supplementation in CD157KO mice after the three-chamber social approach test. We observed an increase in the number of c-Fos-positive neurons in the basolateral amygdala, a brain region involved in social behavior. Although the expression of oxytocin and oxytocin receptors in the hypothalamus was not altered by L-carnosine supplementation, the concentration of oxytocin in cerebrospinal fluid was increased in CD157KO mice by L-carnosine supplementation. These results suggest that L-carnosine supplementation restores social recognition impairments by augmenting the level of released oxytocin. Thus, we could imply the possibility of a safe nutritional intervention for at least some types of ASD in the human population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Supplementation with L-Carnosine Attenuates Social Recognition Deficits in CD157KO Mice via Oxytocin Release

et al. 2022

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“…A meta-analysis of four double-blind placebo-controlled RCTs and one open-label trial was aimed to assess l-carnosine’s proposed neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-convulsive effects [ 55 ]. However, the results were inconclusive due to a lack of well-designed RCTs with bigger sample sizes [ 55 ].…”

Section: Mitochondrial Dysfunction Improvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current and Promising Strategies

Yenkoyan,

Ounanian,

Mirumyan

et al. 2024

CMC

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an umbrella term for developmental disorders characterized by social and communication impairments, language difficulties, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Current management approaches for ASD aim to resolve its clinical manifestations based on the type and severity of the disability. Although some medications like risperidone show potential in regulating ASD-associated symptoms, a comprehensive treatment strategy for ASD is yet to be discovered. To date, identifying appropriate therapeutic targets and treatment strategies remains challenging due to the complex pathogenesis associated with ASD. Therefore, a comprehensive approach must be tailored to target the numerous pathogenetic pathways of ASD. From currently viable and basic treatment strategies, this review explores the entire field of advancements in ASD management up to cutting-edge modern scientific research. A novel systematic and personalized treatment approach is suggested, combining the available medications and targeting each symptom accordingly. Herein, summarize and categorize the most appropriate ways of modern ASD management into three distinct categories: current, promising, and prospective strategies.

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“…Most clinical trials evaluating levels of carnosine and similar peptides in neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders have been conducted in children with ASD [ 74 ]. Reduced levels of carnosine, including histidine and beta-alanine, have also been demonstrated in children and adolescents with ASD [ 75 , 76 ], suggesting the potential use of carnosine in the treatment of autistic patients.…”

Section: Carnosine Beta-alanine and Psychiatric Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mehrazad-Saber et al observed a reduction in the frequency of sleep disturbances in children with ASD with carnosine supplementation (500 mg daily for 2 months), but the effect on the course of the disease was not confirmed in the trial [ 78 ]. In a double-blind randomized trial of 70 children with ASD, carnosine supplementation (800 mg daily for 10 weeks) resulted in a reduction in hyperactivity and non-compliance [ 79 ], although these results were not confirmed in another randomized placebo-controlled trial on 63 participants [ 74 ]. The effectiveness and safety of carnosine has also been studied in children with ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder).…”

Section: Carnosine Beta-alanine and Psychiatric Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it appears from the results of individual trials that the administration of carnosine, or its components beta-alanine and histidine, could be beneficial for children with ASD [ 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 ], carnosine was also included in a meta-analysis on the use of drugs and dietary supplements in ASD, and the available data were considered insufficient and, therefore, carnosine cannot be therapeutically recommended [ 82 ]. Based on the results of a clinical trials meta-analysis on the effect of carnosine supplementation (up to 2 g per day) on children with ASD (only 5 eligible studies with 215 participants were selected), it is not possible to recommend carnosine supplementation for children with ASD [ 74 ].…”

Section: Carnosine Beta-alanine and Psychiatric Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carnosine and Beta-Alanine Supplementation in Human Medicine: Narrative Review and Critical Assessment

et al. 2023

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The dipeptide carnosine is a physiologically important molecule in the human body, commonly found in skeletal muscle and brain tissue. Beta-alanine is a limiting precursor of carnosine and is among the most used sports supplements for improving athletic performance. However, carnosine, its metabolite N-acetylcarnosine, and the synthetic derivative zinc-L-carnosine have recently been gaining popularity as supplements in human medicine. These molecules have a wide range of effects—principally with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiglycation, anticarbonylation, calcium-regulatory, immunomodulatory and chelating properties. This review discusses results from recent studies focusing on the impact of this supplementation in several areas of human medicine. We queried PubMed, Web of Science, the National Library of Medicine and the Cochrane Library, employing a search strategy using database-specific keywords. Evidence showed that the supplementation had a beneficial impact in the prevention of sarcopenia, the preservation of cognitive abilities and the improvement of neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, the improvement of diabetes mellitus parameters and symptoms of oral mucositis was seen, as well as the regression of esophagitis and taste disorders after chemotherapy, the protection of the gastrointestinal mucosa and the support of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment. However, in the areas of senile cataracts, cardiovascular disease, schizophrenia and autistic disorders, the results are inconclusive.

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Effect of L-Carnosine in children with autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Oral Supplementation with L-Carnosine Attenuates Social Recognition Deficits in CD157KO Mice via Oxytocin Release

Oral Supplementation with L-Carnosine Attenuates Social Recognition Deficits in CD157KO Mice via Oxytocin Release

Advances in the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current and Promising Strategies

Carnosine and Beta-Alanine Supplementation in Human Medicine: Narrative Review and Critical Assessment

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