Effect of lactation stage and energy status on milk fat composition of Holstein-Friesian cows

Stoop, W.M.; Bovenhuis, H.; Heck, J.M.L.; Arendonk, J.A.M. van

doi:10.3168/jds.2008-1468

Cited by 210 publications

(224 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…When summer months are included and the diet may include fresh grass the variation between weeks of taking milk samples is much larger for several fatty acids including C18:1 trans-11 and C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 (Heck et al 2009). Therefore, herd variation may have been larger when samples throughout the year would have been obtained.…”

Section: Means and Coefficients Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of milk fatty acids based on genetic and herd parameters

Heck

Valenberg

Bovenhuis

et al. 2011

Journal of Dairy Research

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The objective of this study was to characterize the fatty acids (FA) in milk based on genetic and herd parameters to investigate the origin of the different FA in milk. Milk samples of 1912 Dutch HolsteinFriesian cows were analysed for 39 different FA including odd and branched-chain fatty acids. The proportion of variation caused by genetic and herd effects was calculated. In addition, genetic and herd correlations among the fatty acids were estimated and a clustering technique was used to visualise these correlations. The results indicated that in Dutch milk C12:0 is not completely synthesised de novo but also partly blood derived. It was suggested that C20:0 in milk is formed from the action of elongase enzymes on C18:0 and that the odd-chain FA C5:0-C13:0 and a part of C15:0 and C17:0 are synthesised de novo while the other part of C15:0 and C17:0 is blood derived. Furthermore, this work gives an overview of the opportunities to change the concentration of individual FA both by breeding and feeding. It is clearly shown that the extent to which the individual FA can be changed varies greatly and is dependent on the origin of the different FA in milk.

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Section: Means and Coefficients Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of milk fatty acids based on genetic and herd parameters

Heck

Valenberg

Bovenhuis

et al. 2011

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…Por otra parte, un consumo energético excesivo (por ejemplo, por alto consumo de concentrados) se asocia con una disminución del porcentaje de la grasa en leche, pero con un incremento de la concentración de ácidos grasos Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-No-Comercial SinDerivadas 3.0 Costa Rica insaturados de cadena larga (C18:0 y C16:0). Esto último, se debe a una biohidrogenación incompleta de ácidos grasos a nivel ruminal (Stoop et al 2009). …”

Section: Aspectos Teóricosunclassified

“…La interpretación de esta variable debe tomar en cuenta otros factores que pueden influir, como el efecto de la genética (Demeter et al 2010), la etapa de lactancia (Stoop et al 2009), la duración del período seco (van KVan Knegsel et al 2014), la salud de la ubre (Malek dos Reis et al 2013), y el número de partos (Nayak et al 2012), por lo cual no debe considerarse el efecto aislado de cada uno en forma individual. Esto deja ver que la composición de la leche no es un indicador específico del estado nutricional, el cual debe ser analizado junto con otras variables que influyen significativamente en ella.…”

Section: Aspectos Teóricosunclassified

Revisión de los aspectos para la evaluación de la nutrición y alimentación en programas de salud de hato de ganado lechero I: evaluación del hato

Solís¹

2017

Ciencias Veterinarias

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La alimentación desempeña un rol preponderante en el rendimiento de las vacas lecheras y busca, fundamentalmente, llenar los requerimientos nutricionales de los animales, garantizar la salud y función digestivas, así como optimizar el aprovechamiento de los recursos disponibles y las raciones, para obtener la más óptima relación beneficio-costo por alimentación. Por tanto, las prácticas de alimentación empleadas deben orientarse a cumplir alguno o todos los aspectos anteriores. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo orientar sobre los principales aspectos de la alimentación del ganado bovino que deben considerarse, como mínimo, en los programas para la atención veterinaria de fincas dedicadas a la producción de leche bovina y apoyar las labores del veterinario. Además, busca la integración de diferentes aspectos médicos y de manejo, especialmente la alimentación y de esa manera, motivar a los veterinarios encargados de atender las fincas lecheras, a desarrollar y emplear las mejores herramientas o métodos de abordaje en las fincas. Se describen aspectos que se pueden medir y evaluar en la práctica, además de ser utilizados como referencia para el control de la alimentación, el estado nutricional, la salud ruminal, el desempeño de los animales y el balance de las raciones. Los aspectos de la nutrición y alimentación que se incluyen en el cuerpo del texto son el consumo de alimento, la condición corporal, el balance energético, la producción láctea, el metabolismo de nitrógeno y el funcionamiento y salud digestivas. Finalmente, se concluye que el manejo alimentario en la finca debe ir apoyado por el análisis integral de los datos obtenidos en la evaluación del sistema de alimentación, en conjunto con otros como la producción y reproducción; además, debe involucrarse a todo el equipo de trabajo en la evaluación de los resultados. Los esfuerzos deben orientarse a obtener las metas propuestas inicialmente para el sistema de alimentación.

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“…Energy balance is known to be negative at the beginning of the lactation, causing mobilization of adipose fatty acids. This could explain why the genetic part is higher in the early stage of lactation (Stoop et al, 2009). At the end of lactation, the LP and SP3 models present different shapes.…”

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confidence: 97%

Short communication: Genetic variation of saturated fatty acids in Holsteins in the Walloon region of Belgium

Arnould

Hammami

Soyeurt

et al. 2010

Journal of Dairy Science

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Random regression test-day models using Legendre polynomials are commonly used for the estimation of genetic parameters and genetic evaluation for test-day milk production traits. However, some researchers have reported that these models present some undesirable properties such as the overestimation of variances at the edges of lactation. Describing genetic variation of saturated fatty acids expressed in milk fat might require the testing of different models. Therefore, 3 different functions were used and compared to take into account the lactation curve: (1) Legendre polynomials with the same order as currently applied for genetic model for production traits; 2) linear splines with 10 knots; and 3) linear splines with the same 10 knots reduced to 3 parameters. The criteria used were Akaike's information and Bayesian information criteria, percentage square biases, and log-likelihood function. These criteria indentified Legendre polynomials and linear splines with 10 knots reduced to 3 parameters models as the most useful. Reducing more complex models using eigenvalues seemed appealing because the resulting models are less time demanding and can reduce convergence difficulties, because convergence properties also seemed to be improved. Finally, the results showed that the reduced spline model was very similar to the Legendre polynomials model. Key words: spline , Legendre polynomials , random regression test-day model Random regression test-day models (RRTDM) using Legendre polynomials (LP) remain a commonly used methodology for the estimation of genetic parameters and genetic evaluation for daily milk production traits (Misztal, 2006;Bohmanova et al., 2008). The current genetic evaluation model for production traits in the Walloon region of Belgium is a multiple-lactation, multiple-trait RRTDM using second-order LP (constant, linear, quadratic) for additive genetic and environmental effects (herd × year of calving and permanent environmental). Jamrozik and Schaeffer (2002) showed that RRTDM with orthogonal polynomials outperform models using lactation curves based on the Wilmink function (Wilmink, 1987) and the Ali and Schaeffer function (Ali and Schaeffer, 1987), even using the same number of parameters for additive genetic and environmental effects. Nevertheless, Bohmanova et al. (2008) reported that RRTDM using LP have undesirable properties, mainly the overestimation of variances at the edges of lactation, which could be explained by lack of asymptotes of LP. López-Romero et al. (2004) reported also that LP models resulted in poor performance of fitting data at the extremes of lactations.Mathematically speaking, splines are piecewise polynomial functions. They are defined as curves that consist of individual segments themselves connected in "knots." The simplest case of a spline function is the linear spline where the segments are fitted by linear polynomials. Some previous research established that splines might be less sensitive to the data than LP and have been considered as a good alternative to ...

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Effect of lactation stage and energy status on milk fat composition of Holstein-Friesian cows

Cited by 210 publications

References 24 publications

Characterization of milk fatty acids based on genetic and herd parameters

Characterization of milk fatty acids based on genetic and herd parameters

Revisión de los aspectos para la evaluación de la nutrición y alimentación en programas de salud de hato de ganado lechero I: evaluación del hato

Short communication: Genetic variation of saturated fatty acids in Holsteins in the Walloon region of Belgium

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