Effect of lairage time after 2 h transport on stress parameters and meat quality characteristics in Kivircik ewe lambs

Yalçıntan, Hülya; Akın, Pembe Dilara; Öztürk, Nurşen; Avanus, Kozet; Muratoğlu, Karlo; Koçak, Ömür; Yılmaz, Alper; Ekiz, Bülent

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.07.007

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, the combination of long transport and lairage further increased the LDH concentration in the goats. In contrast, a study by Yalcintan et al (2018) found no effect of lairage on the LDH concentration in lambs. It seems possible that the discrepancy of the results with current findings may be due to the length of the lairage duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Physiological and electroencephalogram responses in goats subjected to pre-and during slaughter stress

Raghazli

Othman

Kaka

et al. 2021

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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A comprehensive stress assessment is vital in understanding the impact of the pre-slaughter procedure on animal welfare. The transportation and handling process was commonly reported to cause stress in animals. This research utilises electroencephalography (EEG) as an alternative stress indicator to non-painful acute stress measurement. EEG has been proved to be instantaneous and sensitive with specific results. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the stress level of goats subjected to two different transportation duration and the effect of lairage based on their EEG activities and blood parameters changes. Eighteen adult male goats were divided into two transportation stress groups based on the transport duration: the two-hour (TS2) and six-hour (TS6) groups. Then, each group was then again divided into three smaller groups according to the lairage duration, which was three-hour (L3), six-hour (L6), and overnight (L12) groups. Blood was sampled before transport, after transport, and during slaughter while EEG was recorded before transport, after transport, after lairage, and during slaughter. Results revealed that there was a significant decrease in beta wave activity compared to baseline in TS2 goats (P < 0.05) after transportation, whereas no significant difference was detected in the TS6 goats. At the same time, goats from the TS2 group showed increase in creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) compared to that in TS6 goats. Together with the observed cortisol concentration, these findings showed that the TS6 goats were fully adapted to the transportation stress while the TS2 goats were still under stress. As for the lairage duration, it was observed that the TS2L3 goats showed lower EEG activities than the values obtained after two-hour transportation, while lower EEG activities were found from the TS6L6 goats after six-hour transportation. Therefore, it can be concluded that three-hour lairage was adequate to lower the impact of two hours transportation stress, whereas six-hour lairage was required to reduce the impact of six hours transportation stress. Finally, it was also found that the TS6L3, TS6L6, and TS6L12 groups took a long time to die after slaughter than the TS2L3, TS2L6, and TS2L12 goats based on the time their EEG activity reached isoelectric.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Physiological and electroencephalogram responses in goats subjected to pre-and during slaughter stress

Raghazli

Othman

Kaka

et al. 2021

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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“…During transportation, animals lose weight due to dehydration and loss of energy required for the maintenance of homeostasis (Knowles, 1995). Many researchers have evaluated body weight loss in young ruminants in view of the animals' age and breed, duration of transportation, and space allowances inside the vehicle (Kannan et al, 2000(Kannan et al, , 2007aKadim et al, 2006;Kadim et al, 2007;Nikbin et al, 2016;Akin et al, 2018;Yalcintan et al, 2018), but their findings were inconclusive. In a study by Kannan et al (2000), live weight loss in 15-month-old goats was not affected by stocking density and reached 9.8-10.2% after 2.5 h of transportation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stress stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to release cortisol from adrenal glands, which is why cortisol concentration in the blood is regarded as a reliable indicator of stress (Ferguson and Warner, 2008;Minka and Ayo, 2010b;Zimerman et al, 2013). Numerous authors have reported an increase in the serum cortisol levels of transported animals (Knowles, 1995;Nwe et al, 1996;Kannan et al, 2000Kannan et al, , 2003Kadim et al, 2006;Sowińska et al, 2006;Miranda-de la Lama, 2010;Yalcintan et al, 2018). Kannan et al (2000) noted a significant increase in goat cortisone levels after 2.5 h of transportation, regardless of stocking density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous handling operations are performed within a short period and are a source of stress, which decreases immunity and disrupts homeostasis in animals (Kannan et al, 2003;Sowińska et al, 2006; Effect of dietary supplementation with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate on stress parameters in goat kids Sowińska et al Kadim et al, 2007;Minka et Ayo, 2007;De la Fuente et al, 2010Adenkola and Ayo, 2010). These stressors increase susceptibility to infection, contribute to body weight loss, and compromise meat quality (Kannan et al, 2002;Kadim et al, 2006Kadim et al, , 2007Ferguson and Warner, 2008;Nikbin et al, 2016;Yalcintan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of dietary supplementation with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate on stress parameters in goat kids

Sowinska¹,

Milewski²,

Witkowska³

et al. 2020

Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia

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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid (HMB) on live weight loss and selected blood parameters in goat kids after transportation to the slaughterhouse. The study was performed with goat kids that were weaned at 30 days of age and divided into two groups (GK): a control group and an experimental group whose diet was supplemented with HMB (at 50 mg kg −1 of BW) for 60 consecutive days. At the end of the 90-day rearing period, the animals were fasted for 12 h (with access to water) and were transported to the slaughterhouse in the following morning. Blood for analysis was sampled before transportation (BST1) and after unloading in the slaughterhouse (BST2). The animals were weighed on the same dates to determine live weight loss. Red blood cell counts (RBC), white blood cell counts (WBC), hemoglobin concentration (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), neutrophil to lymphocyte (N:L) ratio, and cortisol and glucose concentrations were determined in the sampled blood. The experimental goat kids were characterized by lower weight loss after transportation. Group of kids and BST did not induce variations in RBC, WBC, HGB, and HCT. Cortisol concentration was affected by both GK and BST. Cortisol levels increased after transportation in both groups, but this parameter was significantly higher in the control than in experimental animals at BST2. Glucose levels and the N:L ratio did not differ significantly between GK, but glucose concentration and the N:L ratio were higher at BST2 than at BST1 in both groups. The experimental goat kids were characterized by lower weight loss and lower cortisol concentration after transportation, which could point to the efficacy of HMB in boosting immunity and alleviating transportation stress in goat kids.

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“…It also provides an opportunity for animals to rest and recover from the stresses of handling and transport from farm or market. Differences in animal genetics, on‐farm handling conditions, journey length, road and driving conditions, and conditions on the vehicles could explain the differences in the cumulative stress levels and recovery times in lairages reported in different studies (Liste et al., 2011 ; Liu et al., 2012 ; da Leme et al., 2012 ; Díaz et al., 2014 ; Yalcintan et al., 2018 ). Recovery in the lairage can occur only when animals have enough space, good climatic conditions, within a quiet environment (FAWC, 2003 ) and they are provided with water.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare of sheep and goats at slaughter

Nielsen¹,

Álvarez²,

Bicout³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The killing of sheep and goats for human consumption (slaughtering) can take place in a slaughterhouse or on-farm. The processes of slaughtering that were assessed for welfare, from the arrival of sheep and goats until their death (including slaughtering without stunning), were grouped into three main phases: pre-stunning (including arrival, unloading from the truck, lairage, handling and moving of sheep and goats); stunning (including restraint); and bleeding. Stunning methods were grouped into two categories: mechanical and electrical. Twelve welfare consequences that sheep and goats may experience during slaughter were identified: heat stress, cold stress, fatigue, prolonged thirst, prolonged hunger, impeded movement, restriction of movements, resting problems, social stress, pain, fear and distress. These welfare consequences and their relevant animal-based measures are described in detail in this Scientific Opinion. In total, 40 welfare hazards that could occur during slaughter were identified and characterised, most of them related to stunning and bleeding. Staff were identified as the origin of 39 hazards, which were attributed to the lack of appropriate skill sets needed to perform tasks or to fatigue. Measures to prevent and correct hazards were identified, and structural and managerial measures were identified as those with a crucial role in prevention. Outcome tables linking hazards, welfare consequences, animal-based measures, origin of hazards and preventive and corrective measures were developed for each process. Mitigation measures to minimise welfare consequences are proposed.

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Effect of lairage time after 2 h transport on stress parameters and meat quality characteristics in Kivircik ewe lambs

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Physiological and electroencephalogram responses in goats subjected to pre-and during slaughter stress

Physiological and electroencephalogram responses in goats subjected to pre-and during slaughter stress

Effect of dietary supplementation with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate on stress parameters in goat kids

Welfare of sheep and goats at slaughter

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