Effect of latent infection on the spread of bacterial wilt of potatoes in Kenya

Nyangeri, Johnson; Gathuru, Eliud Mugu; Mukunya, D M

doi:10.1080/09670878409370871

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Because symptom expression is favoured by high temperatures, symptomless plants may remain latently infected for extended periods of time at low temperatures (French, 1994). In Kenya, certified and apparently healthy (but latently infected) potato seed tubers produced at altitudes of 1520-2120 meters above sea level showed infection when planted at lower altitudes (Nyangeri et al, 1984).…”

Section: Bacterial Wilt Symptoms On Potatoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Bacterial Wilt [Rhalstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al., 1995] of Potatoes: Opportunity for Host Resistance in Kenya

Muthoni¹,

Shimelis²,

Melis³

2012

JAS

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This article gives a general overview of bacterial wilt of potatoes and its management. It also highlights the potential of host resistance as an important component of integrated management of bacterial wilt in Kenya. Bacterial wilt has spread to all potato growing areas in Kenya, affecting over 70% of potato farms and causing yield losses of between 50 to 100%. This disease has no effective means of control because crop protection chemicals are ineffective and expensive and biological control agents are ineffective. In addition, phytosanitary methods such as quarantine are either expensive or difficult to apply and cultural methods such as crop rotations are largely impractical because the farms are too small to allow effective rotation, the pathogen has a wide host range, and it persists for long in the soil. Development of resistant cultivars could therefore play an important role in managing the disease. More resistant potato clones have recently been identified by CIP scientists, and this resistance needs to be incorporated into the popular but susceptible Kenyan potato cultivars so as to increase potato production in Kenya. For better results, use of high resistant varieties may be coupled with use of disease-free tubers and clean fields.

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Section: Bacterial Wilt Symptoms On Potatoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Bacterial Wilt [Rhalstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al., 1995] of Potatoes: Opportunity for Host Resistance in Kenya

Muthoni¹,

Shimelis²,

Melis³

2012

JAS

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“…Bacterial wilt causes Journal of Applied Biosciences 78:6666 -6674 ISSN 1997-5902 economic problems worldwide leading to serious annual losses exceeding USD 950 million (Elphinstone, 2005). In Kenya, the pathogen has been reported at both low and higher altitudes (Nyangeri et al, 1984). Yield losses caused by bacterial wilt are estimated at 50 -100 % in traditional potato production areas in Kenya (Ajanga, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of selected essential oil plants on bacterial wilt disease development in potatoes

Oboo¹,

Muia²,

Kinyua³

2014

J. App. Bioscience.

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Objective: Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a major constrain to production of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). Control of bacterial wilt is very difficult as there are no effective curative chemicals. This study was aimed at investigating the potential roles of essential oil plants in control of the disease. Methodology and Result: The plants used included: Lippie javanica (Sage brush), Ocimum suave (Cambodia) and Tarchonanthus camphorates (Camphor brush).Experiments were conducted with potatoes grown in greenhouse condition. Freshly harvested leaves, stems and flowers from L. javanica, O. suave and T. camphorates were chopped into small portions that were soaked in water for one hour then applied in the inoculated experimental plots. Each plot was planted with disease-free potato tubers and disease development observed and recorded for a period of two months. Plots treated with T. camphorates had significantly low bacterial wilt incidence (P< 0.05) having been reduced by more than 90%.Treatment with the other two plants, O. suave and L. javanica reduced the disease by 38% and 21% respectively and were not significantly different from untreated plots. Conclusion and Application of Results:This finding shows that use of essential oils isa potential approach to bacterial wilt disease management. It can be concluded that essential oils plants possess antibacterial activity that is effective in control of R. solanacearum. Application of these essential oils can volatilize with increase of temperature. The application can be done by burying chopped essential oil plant parts in the soil during the time of land preparation just before planting. Further studies on the mode of action of these essential oils particularly those of T. comphrates in the control of R. solanacearum are suggested.

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“…In Kenya, small-scale surveys have revealed that potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and potato virus Y (PVY) (Muthomi et al 2009;Were et al 2003), late blight (Phytophthora infestans) (Njuguna et al 1998), bacterial wilt (Nyangeri et al 1984), and potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) (Bruce and George 1989) are prevalent in potato crops, but a wide-scale survey of the whole country to determine the status of potato pests and diseases has never been done. This paper reports the results of a wide-scale study undertaken in the major potato-growing regions (apart from the coast region) of Kenya to determine the incidence and distribution of the commonly occurring pests and diseases in seed and ware crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Distribution of Potato Pests and Diseases in Kenya

et al. 2013

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Potato plays an important role in food security in Kenya but yields are low (<10 t/ha), and this is partly attributed to the lack of healthy planting material. This study is the first wide-scale survey to determine the occurrence and distribution of common potato pests and diseases in Kenyan seed (certified and quality declared) and ware crops. Potato crops growing on 101 farms in 21 districts were examined. Approximately 36% of plants in farmers' fields sampled both during the long rains (main potato-growing season) and short rains seasons displayed virus-like disease symptoms. Six viruses (potato leafroll virus (PLRV), Potato virus A (PVA), potato virus M (PVM), potato virus S (PVS), potato virus X (PVX), and potato virus Y (PVY)) were detected using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in potato samples. Sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products from PVY-infected plants revealed the presence of recombinant strains of PVY (NTN and Wilga). Four aphid species, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Aphis gossypii, Myzus persicae, and Aphis fabae, colonized potato in all districts, occurring in greater numbers west of the Great Rift Valley than to the east. There was a positive correlation between virus incidence and aphid numbers in the long rains (main) potato-growing season. PLRV, PVM, PVS, PVX, and PVY were detected in solanaceous weeds. Ralstonia solanacearum was Potato Research (2013) 56:325-342

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Effect of latent infection on the spread of bacterial wilt of potatoes in Kenya

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Management of Bacterial Wilt [Rhalstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al., 1995] of Potatoes: Opportunity for Host Resistance in Kenya

Management of Bacterial Wilt [Rhalstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al., 1995] of Potatoes: Opportunity for Host Resistance in Kenya

Effect of selected essential oil plants on bacterial wilt disease development in potatoes

Occurrence and Distribution of Potato Pests and Diseases in Kenya

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