Effect of LDHs and Other Clays on Polymer Composite in Adsorptive Removal of Contaminants: A Review

Abstract

Recently, the development of a unique class of layered silicate nanomaterials has attracted considerable interest for treatment of wastewater. Clean water is an essential commodity for healthier life, agriculture and a safe environment at large. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and other clay hybrids are emerging as potential nanostructured adsorbents for water purification. These LDH hybrids are referred to as hydrotalcite-based materials or anionic clays and promising multifunctional two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. They are used in many applications including photocatalysis, energy storage, nanocomposites, adsorption, diffusion and water purification. The adsorption and diffusion capacities of various toxic contaminants heavy metal ions and dyes on different unmodified and modified LDH-samples are discussed comparatively with other types of nanoclays acting as adsorbents. This review focuses on the preparation methods, comparison of adsorption and diffusion capacities of LDH-hybrids and other nanoclay materials for the treatment of various contaminants such as heavy metal ions and dyes.

Nanocomposite PLA/C20A Nanoclay by Ultrasound-Assisted Melt Extrusion for Adsorption of Uremic Toxins and Methylene Blue Dye

“…This type of nanoparticles is composed of phyllosilicates, and in some studies, they are used as adsorbents for organic compounds, mainly due to their large surface area, high cation exchange capacity, and relative ease of forming complexes of intermediate layers. Considering the above advantages, the nanoclays are a favorable candidate for the reinforcement of polymeric materials with possible use as materials to fabricate membranes and/or adsorbing filter contaminants [14].…”

Raman Spectroscopy for Characterization of Hydrotalcite-like Materials Used in Catalytic Reactions

“…Its anion exchange property associated with high surface area, compositional versatility, and higher adsorption capacity are characteristics that differentiate them from other mineral adsorbents such as aluminum or iron oxy-hydroxides [28]. Nevertheless, scientists in this field agree that more knowledge is needed to be able to apply these materials on a large scale [28][29][30][31]. Techniques of preparation, functionalization and thermal activation must Raman Spectroscopy for Characterization of Hydrotalcite-like Materials Used in Catalytic… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99539 be improved aiming to increase the understanding of their behavior on an atomic scale.…”

Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs)

“…The main areas of interest range from renewable energy production to water purification and remediation, including functionalized materials for piezoelectric nanogenerators and gas sensing. Great attention is paid to biomedical applications and to the synthesis of hybrid smart nanocomposites, which involve expanding sectors such as drug-delivery, food packaging and safety.Within this Special Issue, eight articles are collected, and are divided between synthesis techniques [1-3], applications [4][5][6], and review works [7,8].The first work, related to the synthesis of Mg-Al, Ca-Al, Zn-Al and Cu-Al LDHs, is the one carried out by Barnard and Labuschagne [1]. The authors, in order to propose a green synthesis technique, implement the wet mechanochemical method through the use of a Netzsch LME 1 horizontal bead mill, designed "ad hoc" for wet grinding applications.…”

“…Within this Special Issue, eight articles are collected, and are divided between synthesis techniques [1-3], applications [4][5][6], and review works [7,8].…”

“…Finally, two review papers conclude this Special Issue by reporting on some of the many different applications that derive from the capability of LDHs to combine with organic polymers and form hybrid organic/inorganic nanocomposites materials. In Reference [7], Mohapi et al review and compare the role of LDHs and natural nanoclays in forming polymer-based materials for water purification systems. Specific attention is paid to the preparation methods and the corresponding influence of external parameters in the adsorption process.…”