“…The average lifetime of wind turbines varies from 20 to 25 years, depending on the design features and operational environment (Adedipe, & Shafiee, 2021;Ziegler, Gonzalez, Rubert, Smolka, & Melero, 2018). During this period, wind turbines undergo gradual degradation in performance owing to the mechanical wear and tear over the years (Hamilton, Millstein, Bolinger, Wiser, & Jeong, 2020;Pan, Hong, Chen, Feng, & Wu, 2021), or the reduction in aerodynamic efficiency due to material erosion over the blade tips (Mathew, Kandukuri, & Omlin, 2022;Ravishankara, Ozdemir, & Weide;Sareen, Sapre, & Selig, 2014). It is estimated that, in Europe, nearly half of the wind turbines in operation will reach their end of designed life by 2030 (Windeurope Asbl/Vzw, 2024).…”