Effect of leaf litter mulching on the pests of tomato

Abstract

Agricultural techniques essentially change the weed flora, pests and diseases of cultivated plants. Our aim was to investigate the effect of leaf litter mulch on the pests of tomato, especially on the weed flora and on three important plant protection problems: late blight (Phytophthora infestans), cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Besides mulching, the experiment consisted of irrigation, mycorrhiza-inoculation and artificial Meloidogyne-infestation. We recorded the natural P. infestans infection, Helicoverpa armigera damage and the species composition and cover of weeds as well. We examined whether leaf litter mulching had any effect on pests, and on the generative and vegetative production of tomato. Our results were that only mulching had a significant positive effect on almost all the measured generative and vegetative production parameters of tomato, while irrigation, mycorrhiza application and artificial nematode infestation had no significant effects on these parameters. Negative correlation was found between P. infestans infection and H. armigera-damage on tomato fruits. Mulching also reduced significantly the number of Meloidogyne-induced galls on the roots of tomato. Application of leaf litter mulch did not affect soil organic matter and soil pH within the growing season. In the beginning of the growing season mulching suppressed weed cover. Later, there was no significant difference between weed cover in the treatments. It can be concluded that leaf litter mulch had a more pronounced influence on the quantity of yield than on the damage and presence of pests and weeds.

Soil Fertility Management, a Tool for Sustainable Disease and Weed Control in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review

“…It has also been a good moderator of the agroecology. Mulches, apart from regulating nutrient levels, it had been shown to hamper weed emergence particularly at the beginning of season [39,40]. Polyethylene mulch have been reported to effectively control phythopthora infestans in tomato, in fact, more effectively compared to use of fungicides [41].…”

First Report on the Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Hungarian Organic Mulch Materials on Entomopathogenic and Slug-Parasitic Nematodes

“…In our previous open-field experiment, leaf litter of maple trees (Acer spp. L.) decreased the number of galls on tomato roots caused by root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita Kofoid and White) (Petrikovszki et al, 2016). However, no positive or negative effect of maple leaf litter on nematodes has been found in the literature yet.…”