Effect of levosimendan on erythrocyte deformability during myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress. Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a cascade of events initiated by tissue ischaemia. The cellular damage produced by reperfusion leads to an active inflammatory response. Erythrocyte deformability and plasma viscosity are of crucial importance for the perfusion of tissues and organs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of levosimendan on erythrocyte deformability during IR myocardial injury in diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were included in the study after streptozocin (55 mg/kg) treatment for 4 weeks to observe the existence of diabetes. The animals were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups. In Group C and DC (sham-control group), the coronary artery was not occluded or reperfused in the control rats. Myocardial IR was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in the diabetes-IR (DIR) and diabetes-IR-levosimendan (DIRL) group. Deformability measurements were performed in erythrocyte suspensions containing Htc 5 % in a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer. Results: The deformability index was signifi cantly increased in the diabetic rats. It was similar in Group DC and DIRL It was signifi cantly increased in the DIR group compared to Group C, DIRL and DC. The relative resistance was increased in the IR models. Conclusion: Erythrocyte deformability was decreased in rats with diabetes and IR injury. This injury might lead to further problems in microcirculation. Levosimendan may be useful in enhancing the adverse effects of this type of injury (Fig. 2, Ref. 41). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

Upregulation of antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and its dependent genes associated with enhancing renal ischemic preconditioning renoprotection using levosimendan and cilostazol in an ischemia/reperfusion rat model

“…To test the effect of cilostazol as an ROS scavenger and levosimendan as anti-aggregatory or its combination in tissue protection, cilostazol (10 mg/kg, twice/day, oral gavage) was administered 2 h [ 19 , 29 ], and levosimendan (24 μg/kg/day, intraperitoneal) 30 min before the procedures [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Effect of Levosimendan and Nigella Sativa on Erythrocyte Deformability During Myocardial Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

“…The administration of levosimendan is also associated with peripheral vasodilation, anti-ischaemic cardioprotection (27), neuroprotection (28) and anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects (29). We have determined that levosimendan has protective effects on the alteration of eryhtrocyte deformability during myocardial IR injury in rats (30). The black seed oil and tymoquinone by intraperitonial injection were found to shown protective effects on lipid peroxidation process during IR injury in rat hippocampus (31).…”

Kidney Microcirculation as a Target for Innovative Therapies in AKI

“…These combinations, used in modern intensive care, are reasonable approaches to improving survival in patients who have multiple organ dysfunction necessitating multiple organ-supportive techniques. In many studies, there were promising results for the restoration of microcirculation after cardiac arrest, decreasing post-cardiac arrest syndrome and preventing renal and intestinal damage by maintaining perfusion as well as positive inotropic and vasodilatory effects on the cardiopulmonary system and its effects on decreasing ischemic-reperfusion damage on erythrocytes [ 91 , 92 , 93 ]. To date, there is limited clinical literature and an absence of evidence from randomized trials that addresses the use of levosimendan for cardiogenic shock requiring ECMO support and weaning as well as for preventing AKI.…”