Effect of light intensity upon lipid composition of<i>Nitzschia closterium (Cylindrotheca fusiformis)</i>

Orcutt, D. M.; Patterson, Glenn W.

doi:10.1007/bf02533825

Cited by 79 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…They described increased levels of highly unsaturated acids (w3 or n-3) with increasing light intensity but with hardly any variation of the unsaturated to saturated acids ratio and polyunsaturated to monoenoic plus saturated acids ratio. In an earlier study, based on fatty acid changes of lipid classes (polar, diglycerides, triglycerides, free fatty acids), Orcutt & Patterson (1974) found an increase in polar lipid fatty acids and a decrease in neutral lipid fatty acids at low light inten- general findings that light regime affects essentially membrane chloroplast lipid through changes In the level of 0 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The role of long-chain polyunsaturated acids in phytoplankton physiology remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of variable nutrient supply on fatty acid composition of phytoplankton grown in an enclosed experimental ecosystem

Mayzaud¹,

Claustre²,

Augier³

1990

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Outdoor experimental tanks were used to simulate phytoplankton blooms in natural seawater from the bay of Villefranche-sur-Mer (France), during March-April 1984. External temperature and light intensity were respectively monitored every 4 h and daily. Nutrient conditions were followed daily and maintained by a cycle of dilutions with fresh enriched seawater. Six different cycles of phytoplankton production were followed. They differed by the dilution rates used. Nutrient uptake. phytoplankton composition, biochemical composition and detailed lipid composition of the phytoplankton were followed throughout each growth cycle. Results showed a clear difference between the first cycle, which lasted 7 d , and subsequent ones which lasted only from 27 to 51 h In terms of species composition, the initial body of water con~prised a complex assemblage of species (flagellates, dinoflagellates, diatoms, microzooplankton) which were gradually replaced by a community of diatoms dominated by Skeletonema costatum, Nitzschia sp. and Chaetoceros sp. Total fatty acid changes reflected the progressive changes in species composition (inverse variation of C16 and C18 polyunsaturated fatty acids) and to a minor extent the nutrient regime. In terms of fatty acid composition of the different lipid classes the transition from a flagellate to a diatom population appears to b e the key factor influencing all categories in a similar way. Nutrient regime affected essentially the neutral lipid composition while changes in physiological state were reflected in the polar lipid composition (phospholipids, monogalactosyl diglycerides [MGDG], digalactosyl diglycerides). Probable light limitation during the fourth growth cycle may explain some of the changes in fatty acid composition at the MGDG level. In all cases, transient saturation-desaturation processes of the membrane lipids seems at the heart of the acclimation dynamics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effect of variable nutrient supply on fatty acid composition of phytoplankton grown in an enclosed experimental ecosystem

Mayzaud¹,

Claustre²,

Augier³

1990

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…C14, C16:0 and C16:1x7) (Fabregas et al, 2004). Based upon the algal species/strains examined (Orcutt and Patterson, 1974;Sukenik et al, 1993), it appears, with a few exceptions, that low light favors the formation of PUFAs, which in turn are incorporated into membrane structures. On the other hand, high light alters fatty acid synthesis to produce more of the saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids that mainly make up neutral lipids.…”

Section: Light Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, low light intensity induces the formation of polar lipids, particularly the membrane polar lipids associated with the chloroplast, whereas high light intensity decreases total polar lipid content with a concomitant increase in the amount of neutral storage lipids, mainly TAGs (Brown et al, 1996;Khotimchenko and Yakovleva, 2005;Napolitano, 1994;Orcutt and Patterson, 1974;Spoehr and Milner, 1949;Sukenik et al, 1989).…”

Section: Light Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstocks for biofuel production: perspectives and advances

et al. 2008

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SummaryMicroalgae represent an exceptionally diverse but highly specialized group of micro-organisms adapted to various ecological habitats. Many microalgae have the ability to produce substantial amounts (e.g. 20-50% dry cell weight) of triacylglycerols (TAG) as a storage lipid under photo-oxidative stress or other adverse environmental conditions. Fatty acids, the building blocks for TAGs and all other cellular lipids, are synthesized in the chloroplast using a single set of enzymes, of which acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) is key in regulating fatty acid synthesis rates. However, the expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis is poorly understood in microalgae. Synthesis and sequestration of TAG into cytosolic lipid bodies appear to be a protective mechanism by which algal cells cope with stress conditions, but little is known about regulation of TAG formation at the molecular and cellular level. While the concept of using microalgae as an alternative and renewable source of lipid-rich biomass feedstock for biofuels has been explored over the past few decades, a scalable, commercially viable system has yet to emerge. Today, the production of algal oil is primarily confined to high-value specialty oils with nutritional value, rather than commodity oils for biofuel. This review provides a brief summary of the current knowledge on oleaginous algae and their fatty acid and TAG biosynthesis, algal model systems and genomic approaches to a better understanding of TAG production, and a historical perspective and path forward for microalgae-based biofuel research and commercialization.

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“…High light, in general, leads to oxidative damage of PUFA. Numerous studies have suggested that the cellular lipid content and PUFA decrease with increase in light intensity [104][105][106]. Conversely, Nannochloropsis cells under low light conditions were characterized by high lipid content and high proportions of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 5,8,11,14,17-icosapentanoic acid) [26].…”

Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Environmental Factors and Nutrient Availability on the Biochemical Composition of Algae for Biofuels Production: A Review

2013

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Due to significant lipid and carbohydrate production as well as other useful properties such as high production of useful biomolecular substrates (e.g., lipids) and the ability to grow using non-potable water sources, algae are being explored as a potential high-yield feedstock for biofuels production. In both natural and engineered systems, algae can be exposed to a variety of environmental conditions that affect growth rate and cellular composition. With respect to the latter, the amount of carbon fixed in lipids and carbohydrates (e.g., starch) is highly influenced by environmental factors and nutrient availability. Understanding synergistic interactions between multiple environmental variables and nutritional factors is required to develop sustainable high productivity bioalgae systems, which are essential for commercial biofuel production. This article reviews the effects of environmental factors (i.e., temperature, light and pH) and nutrient availability (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace metals) as well as cross-interactions on the biochemical composition of algae with a special focus on carbon fixation and partitioning of carbon from a biofuels perspective.

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Effect of light intensity upon lipid composition ofNitzschia closterium (Cylindrotheca fusiformis)

Cited by 79 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of variable nutrient supply on fatty acid composition of phytoplankton grown in an enclosed experimental ecosystem

Effect of variable nutrient supply on fatty acid composition of phytoplankton grown in an enclosed experimental ecosystem

Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstocks for biofuel production: perspectives and advances

Effects of Environmental Factors and Nutrient Availability on the Biochemical Composition of Algae for Biofuels Production: A Review

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